Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

3910 Health Promotion & Caring: Client's with Health Challenges I > Week 7 Circulation & Perfusion I > Flashcards

Week 7 Circulation & Perfusion I Flashcards

1
Q

Influences on Cardiac Output (CO)

A
  • Nervous systems
  • Fluid volume
  • Heart muscle contraction
  • Resistance in vessels
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

SV Preload

A
  • End diastolic volume
  • Influenced by venous return, fluid volume, atrial contraction
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

SV Afterload

A
  • Pressure in aorta that left ventricle must overcome to eject
  • Influenced by hypertension, vasoconstriction, atherosclerosis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Inotropes Medications

A
  • Change force of heart contraction
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Peripheral Resistance Impacts

A
  • Blood viscosity
  • Radius of vessel
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Mechanical Disorders

A
  • Cardiac myopathy
  • Congestive heart failure CHF
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Hypertension Risk

A

Damage to vessels overtime

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Dyslipidemia Risk

A

Buildup blocks vessels & impacts flow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Diabetes Risk

A

Damage to vessels overtime

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Obesity Risk

A

Increased demand on body systems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Sleep Apnea Risk

A

Hypoxia leading to compensation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Smoking Risk

A

Increase plaque formation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Gender Risk

A
  • Men CVD
  • Women stroke
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Genetic Risk

A
  • Modify cholesterol development
  • Heart structure
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Electrocardiogram Leads Setup

A
  • Brown in middle
  • Water over fire (right)
  • Air over grass (left)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

PRILs: Rami-, Perindo-, Lisino-

A
  • Antihypertensives
  • ACE inhibitors
  • Vasodilate - lower BP
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

PRILs Side Effects

A
  • Drowsiness
  • Dizziness
  • Headache
  • Persistent dry cough
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

PRILs Nursing Considerations

A
  • Risk of angioedema - fluid below skin could block airway
  • Hold if BP below 90 (hypotension)
  • Change position slow
  • Falls risk
  • Advocate for med change if dry cough difficult
  • Metabolized by liver
  • Excreted by kidney
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

SARTANs: Cande-, Lo-, Val-

A
  • Antihypertensive
  • Ang II receptor blocker
  • Treat hypertension, lower BP
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

SARTANs Side Effects

A
  • Dizziness
  • Headache
  • N/V/D
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

SARTANs Nursing Considerations

A
  • Monitor for hypotension
  • May be appropriate for clients who cannot tolerate ACE inhibitors
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

OLOLs: Metor-, Carvedi

A
  • Antihypertensive & anti dysrhythmics
  • Beta blocker
  • Decrease HR/cardiac contractility
  • Lowers BP
  • Treats dysrhythmias
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

OLOLs Side Effects

A
  • Dizziness
  • Lightheaded
  • Hypotension (ortho)
  • Bradycardia
  • Dry mouth
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

OLOLs Nursing Considerations

A
  • May worsen CHF overtime
  • Hold if HR below 60 & BP below 90
  • Change position slowly
  • Monitor in diabetes, mask hypoglycemic symptoms
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Amlodipine, Diltiazem

A
  • Antihypertensive & anti dysrhythmics
  • Calcium channel blockers
  • Cause vasodilation
  • Decrease HR & cardiac contractility
26
Q

Amlodipine & Diltiazem Side Effects

A
  • Dizziness
  • Lightheaded
  • Hypotension (ortho)
  • Bradycardia
  • Peripheral edema
  • Flushing
  • GI upset
  • Constipation
27
Q

Amlodipine & Diltiazem Nursing Considerations

A
  • Risk for hypotension
  • Hold if BP below 90 & HR below 60
  • Change position slowly
  • Monitor I/O - edema risk
  • Metabolized by liver
  • Excreted by kidneys
  • Avoid with CHF
28
Q

Digoxin & Digitalis

A
  • Anti dysrhythmics
  • Cardiac glycoside
  • Improve myocardial contraction to increase CO
  • Slows conduction to decrease HR
29
Q

Digoxin & Digitalis Side Effects

A
  • Dizziness
  • Fatigue
  • Bradycardia
  • N/V/D
  • Visual disturbances
30
Q

Digoxin & Digitalis Nursing Considerations

A
  • Hold if HR below 50
  • Monitor for toxicity
  • Eliminated by kidneys
31
Q

Nitroglycerine

A
  • Vasodilator - short acting
  • Nitrates
  • Decrease BP
  • Decrease preload & afterload
32
Q

Nitroglycerine Side Effects

A
  • Dizziness
  • Lightheaded
  • Headache
  • Orthostatic hypotension
  • Tachycardia
33
Q

Nitroglycerine Nursing Considerations

A
  • Health teaching on use
  • Monitor effects after use
  • Pain lasts longer then 3 doses or 15 mins call EMS
  • Avoid viagara
34
Q

Hydrochlorothiazide

A
  • Antihypertensive
  • Thiazide diuretic
  • Lower BP by reducing fluid volume
35
Q

Hydrochlorothiazide Side Effects

A
  • Dehydration
  • Dizziness
  • Headache
  • Hypotension (ortho)
  • Electrolyte imbalances (hypoK, Na)
36
Q

Hydrochlorothiazide Nursing Considerations

A
  • Risk for hypotension
  • Monitor electrolytes
  • Daily weigh ins
  • Fall risk with older adults
  • Contraindicated with impaired kidney function
37
Q

Spironolactone

A
  • Antihypertensive
  • Potassium sparing diuretic
  • Lower BP by reducing fluid volume
38
Q

Spironolactone Side Effects

A
  • Dizziness
  • Headache
  • Hypotension (ortho)
  • Electrolyte imbalance (hyper K)
  • Photosensitivity
  • N/V/D
39
Q

Spironolactone Nursing Considerations

A
  • Risk for hypotension
  • Monitor electrolytes
  • Daily weigh ins
  • Falls risk with older adults
  • Contraindicated with later stage kidney function
40
Q

Acetylsalicylic Acid (ASA, Aspirin)

A
  • Anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, analgesic & antiplatelet
  • NSAID
  • Decrease temp, pain, inflammation, platelet aggregation
41
Q

Acetylsalicylic Acid (ASA, Aspirin) Side Effects

A
  • GI upset
  • Bleeding
42
Q

Acetylsalicylic Acid (ASA, Aspirin) Nursing Considerations

A

Health teaching on risks of bleeding

43
Q

Clopidogrel (Plavix) & Ticagrelor

A
  • Antiplatelet
  • Adenosine diphosphate receptor antagonists
  • Decrease platelet aggregation
44
Q

Clopidogrel (Plavix) & Ticagrelor Side Effects

A
  • Headache
  • Nausea
  • Bruising
  • GI upset
  • Bleeding
  • Heartburn
45
Q

Clopidogrel (Plavix) & Ticagrelor Nursing Considerations

A
  • Health teaching on bleeding risks
  • Monitor PT/INR
  • Hepatic activation
46
Q

Apixaban, Dabigatran & Rivaroxaban

A
  • Oral anticoagulants
  • Factor Xa inhibitors
  • Inhibit clotting
47
Q

Apixaban, Dabigatran & Rivaroxaban Side Effects

A
  • Bruising
  • Bleeding gums
  • Nosebleeds
  • Heavy periods
  • Blood in urine/stool
48
Q

Apixaban, Dabigatran & Rivaroxaban Nursing Considerations

A
  • Monitor PT/INR
  • Health teaching on risks of bleeding
  • Risk of stroke
49
Q

-statins: Atrova-, Rosuva-

A
  • HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor
  • Decrease LDL & triglycerides
50
Q

-statins: Atrova-, Rosuva- Side Effects

A
  • Headache
  • Dizziness
  • GI upset
  • Insomnia
  • Muscle pain
51
Q

-statins: Atrova-, Rosuva- Nursing Considerations

A
  • Monitor lipids - fasting
  • Hepatotoxic
52
Q

Diabetes HTN

A

Greater than 130/80

53
Q

Secondary HTN

A
  • Identifiable cause
  • 5% of all cases
  • CKD, sleep apnea, pregnancy, NSAIDs, alcoholism
54
Q

Hypertensive Emergency

A
  • High BP (180/120) & signs of acute organ damage
  • Chest pain
  • SOB
  • Visual disturbances
  • Cerebral edema
  • Headache
  • IV vasodilators
55
Q

Hypertensive Urgency

A
  • High BP
  • Headache
  • Nosebleeds
  • Anxiety
  • Fast acting oral antihypertensives
56
Q

Hypertensive Crisis Assessment

A
  • Vitals q5 mins
  • S&S of organ damage
  • Bloodwork
  • 12 lead ECG
  • I/O
57
Q

Arrhythmia

A
  • Irregular & rapid heart rhythm
  • Caused by uncoordinated atrial muscle contraction
58
Q

A Fib Rhythm

A
  • Usually rate > 100
  • Irregular rhythm
  • P-wave non-existent
  • PR interval impossible to compute
  • QRS complex normal
59
Q

A Fib Causes

A
  • Hypertension
  • Diabetes
  • Smoking
  • Obesity
  • Alcohol
60
Q

Outcomes of A Fib

A
  • TIAs
  • Ischemic stroke
  • MI
  • Pulmonary embolism
  • Heart failure
61
Q

Anticoagulation Therapy

A

Decrease risk of emboli

62
Q

Arrhythmia Pharm Interventions

A
  • Calcium channel blockers
  • Beta blockers
  • Cardiac glycoside (digoxin)
  • Oral anticoagulants monitor

3910 Health Promotion & Caring: Client's with Health Challenges I (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions