WEEK 6: WBCs and Disorders Flashcards
what’s the difference between serum and plasma?
serum is from clotted blood - plasma is from blood that isn’t clotted
what’s the difference between serum and plasma?
serum is from clotted blood - plasma is from blood that isn’t clotted
what is the haematocrit?
it represents the percentage of total blood volume occupied by rbcs
what is the haematocrit?
it represents the percentage of total blood volume occupied by rbcs
what is the normal haematocrit for men and women?
what is the key function of the immune system?
to recognise and discriminate between ‘self’ and ‘non-self’: microbes/pathogens
Avoid attacking healthy cells and tissues
Eliminate pathogens, cancers, dead cells
describe the process of phagocytosis. (6) slide 11
what are the 3 professional antigen presenting cells?
dendritic cells, macrophages and B cells
what are the key features of both dendritic cells and macrophages as APCs ?
- phagocytic
- express receptors for apoptotic cells, DAMPS and PAMPS
- localize to tissues
- localize to T cell zone of lymph nodes
- express high levels of MHC class 2 molecules
what are the key features of B cells as an APC?
- ## internalize antigens
slide 12
function of B cell
neutralization of pathogens
phagocytosis
complement activation
function of helper T cell
activation of macrophages
activation of other T and B cells
inflammation
function of cytotoxic T cell
elimination of infected/malignant cells
function of regulatory T cell
regulate and/or suppress immune response
function of NK cell
elimination infected/malignant cells
what cells are the phagocytes?
neutrophils, monocytes and macrophages
where do immune system cells generate?
bone marrow
where do T cells mature?
thymus
what is the myeloid lineage?
the process that gives rise to neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, eosinophils, basophils, platelets and erythrocytes
what is the lymphoid lineage?
it’s the process that gives rise to T cells, B cells, NK cells and dendritic cells
what is differentiation of stem cells mediated by?
cytokines and cell to cell interaction
listen to slide 23 again
what is leukocytosis? (aka leukophilia)
high number of WBCs, can be caused by: infections, allergies, inflammatory diseases, cancer (blood cancers)
what is leukopaenia?
low levels of WBCs, caused by: bone marrow conditions (primary or secondary), certain drugs or treatments, certain infections (HIV), malnutrition, certain autoimmunity (Lupus/SLE)
listen to slide 28-38
what do M1 macrophages do?
“fighting macrophages”
pro-inflammatory
microbicidal
anti-tumoral
