Week 6 Mock exam questions Flashcards
L6: 1. Which factor is NOT identified as a need for adolescents to grow and develop in good health according to Lecture 6a?
o A) Safe and supportive environment
o B) Information and skills
o C) Financial independence
o D) Counseling and health services
Answer: C) Financial independence
Explanation: The lecture lists a safe and supportive environment, information and skills, and counseling and health services as the needs for adolescents to grow and develop in good health, but does not mention financial independence.
L6: 2. What key factor helped countries place nationwide scale-up of Sexuality Education (SE) on their national political agendas?
o A) International criticism
o B) Domestic economic growth
o C) Direct transnational influences combined with technical and financial support
o D) Pressure from the private sector
Answer: C) Direct transnational influences combined with technical and financial support
Explanation: The lecture highlights that direct transnational influences, especially when combined with technical and financial support, were significant in helping countries place SE on their national political agendas.
L6: 3. In Nigeria, which regional issue specifically hindered the implementation of Family Life and HIV Education (FLHE)?
o A) High levels of urbanization
o B) Child and early marriage norms in the northern part
o C) Preference for Western education
o D) Lack of interest in health education
Answer: B) Child and early marriage norms in the northern part
Explanation: In Nigeria, the FLHE faced resistance in the northern part of the country due to prevailing norms around child and early marriage.
L6: 4. What strategic approach did Pakistan use to overcome government resistance to CSE?
o A) Direct confrontation with the government
o B) Ignoring local cultural norms
o C) Using the term “Life Skills Based Education (LSBE)”
o D) Implementing CSE without official approval
Answer: C) Using the term “Life Skills Based Education (LSBE)”
Explanation: Pakistan overcame government resistance by strategically using the term “Life Skills Based Education (LSBE)” instead of Sexual Education which was more acceptable to local stakeholders.
L6: 5. According to Esther Corona, which of the following arguments is used by opponents of CSE?
o A) CSE promotes gender equality
o B) CSE supports traditional family values
o C) CSE desensitizes children to sexual material
o D) CSE advances cultural heritage
Answer: C) CSE desensitizes children to sexual material
Explanation: Opponents of CSE argue that it desensitizes children to sexual material, among other points.
L6: 6. Which factor is NOT part of the Bronfenbrenner model as applied to helping adolescents reach their full potential?
o A) Competence
o B) Confidence
o C) Charity
o D) Connection
Answer: C) Charity
Explanation: The Bronfenbrenner model includes competence, confidence, and connection, but charity is not listed as one of the factors.
L6: 1. Discuss the main strategies used by civil society in Mexico to promote and defend Comprehensive Sexuality Education (CSE).
Answer Explanation: In Mexico, civil society has promoted and defended CSE by building powerful alliances, conducting research to support evidence-based programs, comprehensively documenting their findings, and engaging in data-driven advocacy.
Additionally, they empower youth through comprehensive out-of-school programs, youth-led advocacy, and engaging parents and communities. They also focus on teacher training and support, as well as leveraging the power of media for digital advocacy and amplifying voices.
L6: 2. Explain the concept of ‘moveable middle’ as used in the context of Pakistan’s efforts to implement CSE.
Answer Explanation: The ‘moveable middle’ refers to the majority of people who have not made up their minds about Comprehensive Sexuality Education (CSE) but share similar interests and priorities. By developing a context-specific language base for communication and showcasing the positive aspects of CSE, Pakistan’s efforts aim to engage this group, build consensus, and gain broader support for CSE initiatives.
Vanwesenbeeck: 1. What is a key difference between conventional and empowerment-focused comprehensive sexuality education (CSE)?
a) Conventional CSE focuses on gender empowerment, while empowerment-focused CSE focuses on preventing sexual risks.
b) Conventional CSE aims to prevent sexual risks and negative outcomes, while empowerment-focused CSE recognizes young people as sexual beings with rights and desires.
c) Empowerment-focused CSE ignores sexual health, while conventional CSE addresses sexual rights.
d) Conventional CSE is based on critical pedagogy, while empowerment-focused CSE uses behavior change theory.
Answer: b) Conventional CSE aims to prevent sexual risks and negative outcomes, while empowerment-focused CSE recognizes young people as sexual beings with rights and desires.
Explanation: Conventional CSE emphasizes preventing risks like STIs and unplanned pregnancies, while empowerment-focused CSE takes a more holistic approach that acknowledges the rights and desires of young people.
Vanwesenbeek: 2. Which principle is emphasized in the delivery of empowerment-focused CSE? a) Abstinence-only education b) Teacher-centered methods c) Learner-centered methods d) Fixed, non-adaptive curriculum
Answer: c) Learner-centered methods
Explanation: Empowerment-focused CSE emphasizes learner-centered methods, encouraging active participation and critical thinking to empower young people.
Vanwesenbeek: 3. What is a major challenge to the effective implementation of CSE globally? a) Lack of political commitment b) Overabundance of resources c) Complete alignment between legal frameworks and implementation d) Unanimous cultural acceptance
Answer: a) Lack of political commitment
Explanation: While CSE is gaining political commitment worldwide, there remains a significant gap between political frameworks and actual implementation, posing a major challenge to its effectiveness.
Vanwesenbeek: 4. Which of the following is a key factor in the success of CSE programs? a) Avoiding controversial topics like gender and power b) Using a one-size-fits-all curriculum c) Involving young people and stakeholders in program development d) Delivering CSE solely through online platforms
Answer: c) Involving young people and stakeholders in program development
Explanation: Effective CSE program content involves the participation of young people and stakeholders in its development, ensuring it is context-specific and relevant.
Vanwesenbeek: 5. Discuss the potential benefits of Comprehensive Sexuality Education (CSE) for young people and society. Consider both individual and broader societal impacts.
- CSE can improve individual sexual health outcomes by providing accurate and age-appropriate sexual knowledge, which can reduce misinformation, shame, and anxiety.
- It helps young people develop healthy attitudes and behaviors, such as delaying sexual activity, reducing unprotected sex, and increasing the use of contraceptives and health services.
- CSE supports broader societal impacts by fostering gender equality and sexual empowerment, improving classroom dynamics, enhancing parent-child communication, and positively influencing community norms.
- It contributes to socioeconomic development by promoting overall health and well-being, aligning with global sustainability goals.
Explanation: CSE provides comprehensive benefits, from improving individual health outcomes to fostering a more equitable and informed society. It supports healthy relationships, reduces risky behaviors, and promotes gender equality and human rights, contributing to broader social and economic development.
Liang: 1. Which region experienced the largest increase in its adolescent population between 1994 and 2019?
o A) Eastern and Southeastern Asia
o B) Europe and Northern America
o C) Sub-Saharan Africa
o D) Latin America
Answer: C) Sub-Saharan Africa
Explanation: Sub-Saharan Africa saw its adolescent population nearly double during this period, while other regions experienced declines or smaller increases.
Liang: 2. What is the triple burden of disease that adolescents face according to the article?
o A) Communicable diseases, mental disorders, and obesity
o B) Communicable diseases, reproductive health-related diseases, and nutritional diseases
o C) Reproductive health-related diseases, nutritional diseases, and violence
o D) Noncommunicable diseases, injuries, and tobacco use
Answer: B) Communicable diseases, reproductive health-related diseases, and nutritional diseases
Explanation: The triple burden includes communicable, reproductive health-related, and nutritional diseases, along with high rates of injury, violence, and noncommunicable diseases.
