Week 6 (Bone Disorders)

Question 1

Periosteum

Answer 1

Thin but tough membrane wrapped around bone. Connective tissue layer where tendons and ligaments attach. Pain Sensitive.
Contain osteoblasts and osteoclasts.

Question 2

Endosteum

Answer 2

Lines central cavity of bone

Question 3

Osteoblasts and Osteoclasts

Answer 3

Found in Periosteum and Endosteum of bones. They alter the shape of bone from the inside and out. Controlled by calcitonin and parathyroid hormones.

Question 4

Calcitonin and Parathyroid Hormones

Answer 4

Calcitonin - Decreases blood calcium. Increases bone calcium by osteoblasts.

Parathyroid - Increases blood calcium. Decrease bone calcium by osteoclasts.

Question 5

Function of Bones

Answer 5

1. Framework
2. Leverage for movement
3. Red blood cell production
4. Calcium and phosphorus storage

Question 6

Avascular Necrosis

Answer 6

*Death of bone tissue due to lack of blood flow
*Can be from fracture, emboli, autoimmune, vasculitis. NSAID abuse.
*Needs X-Ray for diagnosis.

Massage Considerations:
*Locally CI
Ppl may use braces, walkers, crutches to take pressure off that area.
*These devices–>patterns of compensation and muscle unction

Question 7

Fractures

Answer 7

1. Incomplete. ex: greenstick (bent).
2. Simple. Completely broken, with no soft tissue damage.
3. Compound. Completely broken + soft tissue damage.
4. Other. Impacted (ends are driven into each other). Pathologic (ie from bone cancer).

Massage Considerations:
*Locally CI
*Proximal massage improves blood and lymph flow. Distal massage to ease pressure.
*Consider the compensating muscles

Question 8

Osgood-Schlatter Disease

Answer 8

*Inflammation just below the knee (where quat inserts to tibial tuberosity). Usually in growing boys with overuse such as in sports.
*Overuse causes the growing leg bones to grow faster than the tendon.
*Usually unilateral
*Self limiting

Massage Considerations:
*Locally CI. Massage proximal
*Compensating muscles
*Ice to the area