Week 6

Question 1

What are the Dialysis Access Devices

Answer 1

Fistula access for haemodialysis

Tenckhoff catheter for Peritoneal dialysis

Question 2

What causes prerenal acute renal failure?

Answer 2

Sudden and severe drop in blood pressure (shock) or interruption of blood flow to the kidneys from severe illness or injury

Question 3

What causes intrarenal acute renal failure?

Answer 3

Direct damage to the kidneys by inflammation, toxins, drugs, infection or reduced blood supply

Question 4

What causes postrenal acute renal failure?

Answer 4

Sudden obstruction of urine flow due to enlarged prostate, kidney stones, bladder tumour or injury

Question 5

Define Dysuria

Answer 5

Discomfort, pain or burning when urinating.

Question 6

Define Oliguria

Answer 6

Urine output below normal.

Question 7

Define Anuria

Answer 7

Anuria is nonpassage of urine, in practice is defined as passage of less than 100 milliliters of urine in a day

Question 8

Define Polyuria

Answer 8

Passing abnormally large amounts of urine.

Question 9

Define Nocturia

Answer 9

Urinating frequently at night.

Question 10

Define Haematuria

Answer 10

Blood in the urine may range from very obvious to microscopic and not visible at all.

Question 11

Define Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

Answer 11

A blood urea nitrogen (BUN) test is used to determine how well your kidneys are working. It does this by measuring the amount of urea nitrogen in the blood. … .

Question 12

Cystitis

Answer 12

Inflammation of the bladder

Question 13

Pyelonephritis

Answer 13

inflammation of the kidney and renal pelvis

Question 14

What are Urinary Calculi

Answer 14

Presence of crystalline substances in the urine

Question 15

AKI: Phases

Answer 15

1. Oliguric phase
2. Diuretic phase
3. Recovery phase