Week 2 Flashcards
What is GORD
Gastric oesophageal reflux disease
what is Peptic ulcer disease (PUD)
caused by a break mucosal lining of GIT where it comes in contact with gastric acid
What are the 3 main parts of the small bowel
Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum or terminal section
What are the primary functions of the small bowel
Absorption of nutrients from chyme.
Duodenum - primary site of iron and calcium absorption.
Jejunum - absorption of fats, carbohydrates and proteins.
Electrolyte absorption:
“Sodium is absorbed along length of small bowel but mainly in the jejunum. Magnesium, phosphate and potassium are absorbed throughout the small intestine.”
What is Irritable bowel syndrome
IBS is a motility disorder of the lower GIT
No identifiable organic cause
Characterized by abdominal pain with constipation, diarrhoea or bloating, cramping, urgency with defecation
People with IBS experience increased motor reactivity of the bowel in response to stimuli
What is irritable bowel disease
IBD is a chronic and recurring disease process
Aetiology is unknown
Responses to physiological or psychological stressors do not cause IBD but often play a role in exacerbation
Peak incidence of IBD is in adolescents and young adults
What is Ulcerative colitis
inflammatory disorder which affects the mucosa and submucosa of the colon and rectum.
What is crohns disease
is a chronic relapsing inflammatory disorder affecting the GI tract.
What is diverticular disease
is a broad term which encompasses diverticulosis and diverticulitis
What is Cholelithiasis
Cholelithiasis is the formation of stones (calculi) in the gallbladder or biliary duct system
What is Cholecystitis
Inflammation of the gallbladder
Most commonly caused by an obstruction of the cystic duct from cholelithiasis
What is Cirrhosis
Chronic liver disease
Progressive irreversible disorder that eventually leads to liver failure
Stages of colorectal cancer
Duke A – tumour confined to bowel wall
Duke B – tumour invading through serosa
Duke C – lymph node involvement
Distant metastasis
