Week 3 Flashcards
What are Contusions
Contusions are bleeding into the soft tissue – muscle, skin, and subcutaneous fat.
What does RICE stand for when nursing soft tissue injuries
RICE – Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation (initial 24-48 hours)
What are the two types of fractures
- Closed or simple fracture – the surrounding skin remains intact
- Open or compound fracture – there is a disruption to the skin integrity (portal of entry for bacteria) (Brown, 2017)
What is an Oblique fracture line
at an angle to the bone
What is a spiral fracture line
curved around the bone
What is an avulsed fracture line
bone and other tissue are pulled away from the site of the fracture
What is a comminuted fracture line
multiple fragments
What is a compressed fracture line
crushed in upon itself
What is a depressed fracture line
bone is broken and forced inwards
What is compartment syndrome
Compartment syndrome is an increase in pressure within a restricted space
What are the types of compartment syndrome
- Decreased compartment size – restrictive cast, bandaging
- Increased compartment content - bleeding into these compartments
- Abnormal increased pressure is exerted on blood vessels and nerves in compartment syndrome
What is Fat emboli syndrome
Fat droplets escape from the bone marrow travelling to the lungs with smaller droplets potentially going to the kidneys, brain, retina and skin
What is Osteomyelitis
Often associated with compound fractures however can occur as a result of an infection in another part of the body that travels to the bone.
Define External fixation
External fixation is a surgical treatment wherein rods are screwed into bone and exit the body to be attached to a stabilizing structure on the outside of the body
Define continuous passive motion
Continuous passive motion devices are used during the first phase of rehabilitation following a soft tissue surgical procedure or trauma.
