week 6 Flashcards
autism
ASD is a neurological disorder affecting communication, behaviour, etc.
childhood signs of autisms
limited sounds, facial expressions, eye contact
lack interest in toys and play
repetitive behavs and play
strong rxn to sounds, textures, etc.
wants routine
spectrum bcs varying severity
causes of ASD
no known cause, but known risk factors
combo of social and genetic factors
- 60-90% of risk from genome
- DNA change don’t cause, but inc risk
- environ i.e. parent age, obesity, pesticides, birth complications
herd immunity
if most ppl are vaxxed, will protect ppl who cannot safely be vaxxec
sham ASD treatments
FDA announced no cure
detox clay baths
oxygen therapy, chelation therapy
DSM-5 ASD diagnosis
psuch and dev assessment w doctor…communication, soc, motor
ASD originally desc as childhood schizo and bcs of cold parenting/refrigerator motor
now called a pervasive developmental disorder
diagnostic criteria: have deficits in 3 areas of soc and comm, plus 4 types of repetitive behaviours
- social deficits in soc-emotional reciprocity
- behav i.e. stereotypies, infelxible routine, fixations
janet mclaughlin
mother of boy w ASD who’s nonverbal
budget cuts on supports/therapies
programs helpful to parents MH
grant bruno
2 grandkids w autism, indigenous
keep long hair to connect w culture
want to keep w indigenous doctors
asperger’s vs autism
asperger’s: prev seen as distinct from autism…normal language and cog development
- less socially imapired than autism
- poorer motor skills/more awkward
- can dev imaginative play but is repetitive
- more hyperfixations
asperger’s label no longer formally given, but some ppl ID w it
limitations and strengths of ASD
varying deficits in soc behav, comm, learning skills
- verbal to nonverbal continuum
ADHD and OCD comorbid
- 1/3 dev epilepsy
ppl w ASD may take pharmacologic treatments for comorbidities, dec health
ASD have stamina for repetitive tasks/tiresome activities
- function well w routines
good LTM and accuracy
can have well-dev motor skills
habilitation goal for ASD
assist in gaining necessary skills to function as independently as possible
habilitation: attain, maintain, improve daily function and ADLs
habilitation objectives
dev interactive social and communication skills, approp social behaviours
- accont for learning style and stim sensitivity
important skills to address:
- self care
- interpersonal skills
- social communication skills
- leisure skills
AAC
augmentative and alternate communication
- modes of communication ppl w ASD can use other than speech
echolalia
repeating words, sometimes w/o understanding
sign language
allows self expression w/o speech, inc eye contact
bad if have motor deficit, limits to ppl who know ASL
picture exchange communication systems
aka PECS
point at picture of what they want…actions
- easy to use, promotes independence
- limits spontaneous comm
communication boards
aka PICS
also accompanied by word, often in album person carries and customizes
- easy to use and carry
- promotes word recog
- time consuming to make, can be heavy
voice input communication aids
device w digitized voice, says phrases
customizable, promotes learning sounds
- expensive, needs training and patience
social stories
desc social situation may need to respond in…provides soc clues and responses
non-direct teaching, allows learn soc cues
preparation is time costly, must be customized
treatment of ASD
early therapeutic intervention imp for inc comm and social development
- behaviour based and built on kids interest
use consistent techniques in therapy, school, and home
OAP: ontario autism program
- recently changed by progressive conservative gov
- less supports, doesn’t meet family needs
- COVID online school didn’t work, dec mental health and soc functioning
strategies for ASD in APA
use parents as resource i.e. triggers, medication list
practice and routine
all kids unique needs
activity-based learning best…concrete, visual aids
cues abt upcoming activity transition, avoid triggers
break tasks into skills to improve on
