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Researching Diverse Populations > Week 6 > Flashcards

Week 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Refers to the strategies used to select a given number of individuals or things from a population

A

Sampling

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2
Q

All the individuals or things the researcher is interested in for the study being undertaken

A

Population

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3
Q

A population that the researcher can potentially access

A

Accessible population

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4
Q

What is being compared in the study

A

Unit of analysis

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5
Q

A list of all those in the accessible pop, which is used to select those who will be included in the sample

A

Sampling frame

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6
Q

Helps to determine the probability that any individual in the sampling frame can be selected

A

Probability sampling

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7
Q

A sample that closely matches the population from which it was drawn

A

Representative sample

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8
Q

With this type of sampling, it is unknown what the chance was that an individual was selected

A

Non-probability sampling

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9
Q

Also referred to as simple random sampling, uses a procedure that seeks to select participants randomly from the population or sampling frame. When SRS is used, each member of the sampling frame has an equal probability of being selected.

A

Random sampling

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10
Q

Using this method, a researcher assigns a number to everyone who is on the list compiled from the sampling frame and put this number on a piece of paper and then put the paper in a hat. The researcher then selects a predetermined number of pieces of paper out of the hat individually. The number selected correspond to the names of those who will be included in the sample.

A

Lottery

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11
Q

Involves, for example, selecting a number from a hat, including the participant associated with the number in the sample, and then putting the number back in the hat so that it can be selected again

A

Sampling with replacement

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12
Q

Involves, for example, selecting a number from a hat, including the participant associated with the number in the sample, and not putting the number back into the hat

A

Sampling without replacement

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13
Q

Involves the researcher selecting the first person to be in the sample based on a random starting point and then selecting the remainder of the sample based on a fixed sampling interval

A

Systematic random sampling

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14
Q

Calculated by dividing the entire population by the desired sample size

A

Sampling interval

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15
Q

Use when a researcher is interested in comparing two or more subgroups (or strata) of the population

A

Stratified random sampling

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16
Q

Employed when the researcher wants the sample size of each group to be proportional and its representation to the population

A

Proportional stratified sampling

17
Q

Employed when the researcher wants the sample size of each sub group to be disproportional in its representation to the population

A

Disproportional stratified sampling

18
Q

Also known as area sampling and involves selecting a cluster of participants from the population

A

Cluster sampling

19
Q

In which the sample is obtained by selecting the cluster

A

One-stage cluster

20
Q

Involves selecting clusters at the first stage, and then selecting who will be in the sample from every selected cluster (second stage)

A

Two-stage cluster

21
Q

Also referred to as accidental or availability sampling, involves selecting persons from the target population because they are accessible to the researcher

A

Convenience sampling

22
Q

Involves selecting persons from the target population because of their fit with the purpose of the study and inclusion criteria

A

Purposive sampling

23
Q

Involves selecting participants based on a criterion established by the researcher

A

Criterion sampling

24
Q

First involves selecting participants from the target population because of their fit with the purpose of the study and inclusion criteria. Once the researcher finishes, surveying or interviewing the participant, he or she will ask the participant to tell others about the study. If someone the participants spoke with is interested in participating in the study, here she is instructed to call the researcher. In conversation with the researcher, she will determine if the person is eligible to participate in the study.

A

Snowball sampling

25
Q

Involves obtaining a sample that is as representative as possible, in relation to potentially confounding variables and of a specific size

A

Quota sampling

26
Q

Unusually demographic variables that are related to both the independent and dependent variable, causing a spurious association

A

Confounding variables

27
Q

An association where the researcher thought there was a relationship between the independent and dependent variable; however, another variable explains away this relationship

A

Spurious association

28
Q

In this type of sampling, the researcher wants the sample size of each subgroup of the confounding variable to be proportional in its representation to the population

A

Proportional quota sampling

29
Q

In this type of sampling, the researcher wants the sample size of each subgroup to be disproportional in its representation to the public

A

Nonproportional quota sampling

30
Q

A quota in which the researcher considers the quota separately

A

Noninterlocking quota

31
Q

A quota in which the researcher considers the quota jointly

A

Interlocking quota

32
Q

Produced by using sampling strategies that overrepresent a portion of the study population

A

Sampling error

33
Q

Due to the difference between those who respond to the survey/questionnaire and those who did not and how the survey/questionnaire was administered

A

Nonsampling error

34
Q

Due to the methods used to select the sample

A

Sampling bias

35
Q

Allows researchers to determine the sample size required to produce a given effect size

A

Power analysis

36
Q

Way of quantify the size of difference between two groups

A

Effect size

Researching Diverse Populations (9 decks)

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