week 6 Flashcards
benazepril
brand: lotensin
med class: ACE- I (antihypertensive)
indications: HTN
s/e:
- hyperkalemia
- angioedema (rare, but serious)
- increased serum creatinine
- dry cough
enalapril
brand: vasotec
med class: ACE I antihypertensive
indications:
- heart failure
HTN
kidney disease, non-diabetic
s/e:
- hyperkalemia
- angioedema (rare, but serious)
- increased serum creatinine)
- dry cough
lisinopril
brand: prinivil, zestril
med class: ACE- I antihypertensive
indications:
- HF
- HTN
- acute MI
s/e:
- hyperkalemia
- angioedema (rare, but serious)
- increased serum creatinine)
- dry cough
ramipril
brand: altace
med class: ACE-I antihypertensive
indications:
- HTN
-HF post MI
s/e:
- hyperkalemia
- angioedema (rare, but serious)
- increased serum creatinine)
- dry cough
irbesartan
brand: avapro
med class: Angiotensin II receptor antagonist (ARBS)
indications:
- diabetic nephrophathy in pt w/ type 2 diabetes and HTN
- HTN
s/e:
- hyperkalemia
- angioedema
- increased serum creatinine (kidney function may decrease)
Olmesartan
brand: benicar
med class: Angiotensin II- antagonist (ARBs)
indications:
- HTN
s/e:
- hyperkalemia
- angioedema
- increased serum creatinine (kidney function may decrease)
valsartan
brand: diovan
med class: ARBs (angiotensin II receptor)
indications:
- HF
- HTN
- MI
s/e:
- hyperkalemia
- angioedema
- increased serum creatinine (kidney function may decrease)
diltiazem
brand: Cadizem, Dilacor XR
med class: Calcium Channel Blocker
indications:
- HTN
- stable angina
- variant angina
(vasodilates arteries to decrease chest pain)
s/e:
- peripheral edema
- constipation
- bradycardia
- fatigue (can cause light headedness)
verapamil
brand: Calan, Calan SR
med class: CCB
indications:
- HTN
- stable angina
- variant angina
s/e:
- peripheral edema
- constipation
- bradycardia
- fatigue
nifedipine
brand: Adalat CC, Procardia XL
med class: CCB (dihyropyridine CCB)
indications:
- HTN
- stable angina
- variant angina
s/e:
- peripheral edema
- constipation
- bradycardia
- fatigue
amlodipine
brand: Norvasc
med class: CBB (dihydropyridine CCB)
indications:
- HTN
- stable angina
- variant angina
s/e:
- peripheral edema
- constipation
- bradycardia
- fatigue
propranolol
brand: Inderal
med class: nonselective Beta adrenergic blocker (blocks both heart and lungs)
indications:
- migraine prophylaxis
- HTN
- chronic angina
s/e:
- hypotension
- bradycardia
- dizziness
carvedilol
brand: Coreg, Coreg CR
med class: alpha, beta-adrenergic blocker (nonselective w/ vasodilating actions)
indications:
- HF
- HTN
s/e:
- dizziness
- fatigue
- orthostatic hypotension
atenolol
brand: Tenormin
med class: Beta adrenergic blocker, cardioselective
indications:
- HTN
- chronic angina
s/e:
- dizziness
- fatigue
- bradyarrhythmias
metoprolol tartrate
brand: lopressor
med class: Cardioselective, beta adrenergic blocker
indications:
- HTN
- angina
s/e:
- dizziness
- fatigue
- hypotension
metoprolol succinate
brand: toprol XL
med class: Cardioselective beta adrenergic blocker
indications:
- HTN
- angina
- HF
s/e:
- dizziness
- fatigue
- hypotension
nebivolol
brand: bystolic
med class: Beta adrenergic blocker, cardioselective, B1 selective
indications:
- HTN
s/e:
- dizziness
- fatigue
- hypotension
atorvastatin
brand: lipitor
med class: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (cholesterol reducing)
indications:
- hyperlipidemia
- prevention of atherosclerotic CVD
s/e:
- myopathy
- diarrhea/GI upset
- hepatotoxicity= check liver enzymes every 6 months; may be increased, jaundice can occur
rosuvastatin
brand: crestor
med class: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (cholesterol reducing)
indications:
- hyperlipidemia
- prevention of atherosclerotic CVD
s/e:
- myopathy
- diarrhea/GI upset
- hepatotoxicity= check liver enzymes every 6 months; may be increased, jaundice can occur
simvastatin
brand: Zocor
med class: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (cholesterol reducing)
indications:
- hyperlipidemia
- prevention of atherosclerotic CVD
s/e:
- myopathy
- diarrhea/GI upset
- hepatotoxicity= check liver enzymes every 6 months; may be increased, jaundice can occur
lovastatin
brand: Mevacor, Altoprev
med class: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (cholesterol reducing)
indications:
- hyperlipidemia
- coronary arteriosclerosis
s/e:
- myopathy
- diarrhea/GI upset
- hepatotoxicity= check liver enzymes every 6 months; may be increased, jaundice can occur
pravastatin
brand: Pravachol
med class: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (cholesterol reducing)
indications:
- hyperlipidemia
- prvention of atherosclerotic CVD
s/e:
- diarrhea
ezetimibe
brand: Zetia
med class: antihyperlipidemic, cholesterol absorption inhibitor
indications:
- hyperlipidemia
s/e:
- diarrhea
fenofibrate
brand: Tricor, lofibra
med class:
- antihyperlipidemic
indications:
- hypertriglyceridemia
- mixed dyslipidemi
s/e:
- increased liver enzymes
- diarrhea
- rhabdomyolysis
(lower LDL increase HDL
GI: nausea, diarrhea, abdominal discomfort
increase risk for gallstones, myopathy, rhabdomyolysis when combined with statins, increased risk for bleeding when combined with warfarin
CONTRAINDICATED IN PT WITH GALLBLADDER DISEASE AND LIVER DISEASE)
gemfibrozil
brand: lopid
med class: antihyperlipidemic (fibrate derivative)
indications:
- hypertriglyceridemia
- hyperlipidemia
s/e:
- dyspepsia
- nausea
- rhabdomyolysis
(lower LDL increase HDL
GI: nausea, diarrhea, abdominal discomfort
increase risk for gallstones, myopathy, rhabdomyolysis when combined with statins, increased risk for bleeding when combined with warfarin
CONTRAINDICATED IN PT WITH GALLBLADDER DISEASE AND LIVER DISEASE)
niacin
brand: Niaspan aka vitamin b3
med class: antihyperlipidemic
indications:
- first choice for patients who have pancreatitis or have too much GI adverse effects with previous drug
- dyslipidemia
- hypertriglyceridemia
s/e:
- flushing
- HA
- hepatoxicity
omega-3 (fishoil)
brand: Lovaza
med class: antihyperlipidemic; omega 3- fatty acids
indications:
- hypertriglyceridemia
s/e:
- dyspepsia
- diarrhea
- taste alteration
- belching
sildenafil
brand: viagra, revatio
med class: Erectile dysfunction, pulmonary hypertension
indications:
- ED (viagra)
- pulmonary hypertension (revatio)
s/e:
- flushing
- headache
- priapism
tadalafil
brand: Cialis, Adcirca
med class: Erectile dysfunction, pulmonary hypertension
indications:
- ED (cialis)
- pulmonary hypertension (adcirca)
- benign prostatic hyperplasia (Cialis)
s/e:
- flushing
- HA
- hypotension
isosorbide mononitrate
brand: Imdur
med class: Long- acting nitrate, anti-anginal
indications:
- angina prophylaxis
s/e:
- dizziness
- headache
- severe hypotension
ranolazine
brand: ranexa
med class: antianginal agent
indications:
- chronic angina
s/e:
- dizziness
- headache
- severe hypotension
NTG (nitroglycerin)
brand: Nitro-dur, nitrostat
med class: Nitrate, antianginal
indications:
- angina prophylaxis
- acute angina (sublingual)
s/e:
- headache
severe hypotension
amiodarone
brand: cordarone
med class: antiarrhythmic
indications:
- ventricular arrhythmia tx & prophylaxis
s/e:
- arrhythmias
- photosensitivity (esp with eyes)
- thyroid dysfunction
- pulmonary fibrosis
- hepatoxicity
- epithelial keratosis
digoxin
brand: lanoxin
med class: digitalis glycoside
indications:
- A. fib
- HF
- Ventricular arrhythmia
s/e:
- visual disturbanes
- ECG/EKG changes
- digoxin toxicity
(dehydration and electrolyte imbalances, hypokalemia, hypomagnesium)
increase sensitivity to digoxin→ toxicity
(early signs: nausea, anorexia, vomiting, bradycardia
later signs: confusion, visual disturbances, blurred vision, halo vision)
tacrolimus
brand: Prograf, astagraf XL, envarsus
med class: Calcineurin inhibitor
indications:
- prevention of transplant rejection (heart/kidney/liver)
s/e:
- infections
- nephrotoxicity
- hyperkalemia
- hyperglycemic
- neuropathy
guanfacine
brand: Intuniv
med class: Alpha 2- adrenergic agonist
indications:
- HTN
- ADHD
s/e:
- drowsiness
- dizziness
- HA
clonidine
brand: Catapres
med class: alpha 2- adrenergic agonist
indications:
- HTN
- ADHD
s/e:
- reflex tachycardia
- orthostatic hypotension
- dizziness
hydralazine
brand: apresoline
med class: peripheral vasodilator
indications:
- HTN
s/e:
- reflex tachycardia
- orthostatic hypotension
- dizziness
