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pharm > Pharm quiz week 2 > Flashcards

Pharm quiz week 2 Flashcards

1
Q

generic: penicillin V potassium

A

brand name: Penicillin VK

medication class: antibiotic, penicillin
penny needs antibiotics bc she has bacterial endocarditis

indication:
- bacterial endocarditis
- ear infection
- pharyngitis

s/e:
- diarrhea
- skin rash–> could lead to steven johnson syndrom
- seizures (rare, but serious)

counseling points:
- complete full course of therapy
- contact doctor if you experience signs of allergic reaction
- take with food to prevent upset stomach & diarrhea

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2
Q

amoxicillin

A

brand name: Amoxi

medication class: B-lactam Antibiotic

indication:
- ear infection
- H.Pylori (gastrointestinal infection)
- pharyngitis
- respiratory tract infection

side effects:
- diarrhea
- skin rash
- seizures (rare, but serious)
- nausea

same counseling as penicillin

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3
Q

amoxicillin/clavulanate

A

brand name: Augmentin

medication class: B- lactam Antibiotic

indication:
- pneumonia
- ear infection
- sinus infection

side effects:
- diarrhea
- skin rash
- seizure
- nausea

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4
Q

cephalexin

A

brand name: Keflex

medication class: First- Gen Cephalosporin (type of abx)… starts w/cep-/ceph-…CHEF-phalosporins cook for those with ear infections

indication:
- ear infection (otitis media)
- pharyngitis
- osteomyelitis
- respiratory tract infection
- pharyngitis

side effects:
- diarrhea
- skin rash
- seizures (rare, but serious)
- nausea

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5
Q

cefdinir

A

brand name: Omnicef

medication class: 3rd gen cephalosporin (cef-/ceph-)

chef must make di nir (dinner) has an omni-presence (omnicef) in the kitchen…must cook for ppl with ear infections and bronchitis and pneumonia*

indication:
- otitis media (ear infection)
- bronchitis
- pneumonia
- can treat meningitis

side effects:
- diarrhea
- skin rash
- seizure
- nausea

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6
Q

azithromycin

A

brand name: Zithromax, Z-Pak
azithro= zithro

medication class: Macrolide Antibiotic (ends in -thromycin)…macaroni lights (macrolide) are ACE (azithromycin, clarythromycin, erythromycin)

lights shine on body to help diagnose the below

indication:
- Gonorrhea (STI)
- pneumonia (respiratory infections)
- pharyngitis

side effects:
- diarrhea
- QT prolongation (if taken for a long time)
- n/v
- GI: hepatoxicity, jaundice
- may reduce efficacy of oral contraceptives

counseling:
- complete full course of therapy
- contact doctor if you experience allergic reaction
- avoid taking with multivitamins, dairy products, or antacids

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7
Q

ciprofloxacin

A

brand name: Cipro (oral), Ciprodex (otic)…both brand and generic= cipro

medication class: fluroquinolone Abx (ends in -floxacin)

indication:
- UTI*
- lower respiratory tract infection
- ear infection (ciprodex)

side effects:
- diarrhea
- tendonitis (flower queen makes you fall and hurt your tendons…drug actually has a black box warning for tendonitis & rupture)
nausea
- QT prolongation (if used with beta blocker)
- photosensitivity (pt should not be exposed to sun)…pruritis, rash, urticaria can occur
- confusion

counseling:
- complete full course of therapy
- contact doctor if you experience allergic reaction
- avoid taking with multivitamins, dairy products, or antacids (may reduce absorption)

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8
Q

levofloxacin

A

brand name: Levaquin (b&g= levo)

medication class: Fluoroquinolone Abx (-floxacin)

indication:
- pneumonia
- skin tissue infection

side effects:
- diarrhea
- tendonitis (flower queen makes you fall and hurt your tendons…drug actually has a black box warning for tendonitis & rupture)
nausea
- QT prolongation (if used with beta blocker)
- photosensitivity (pt should not be exposed to sun)…pruritis, rash, urticaria can occur
- confusion

counseling:
- complete full course of therapy
- contact doctor if you experience allergic reaction
- avoid taking with multivitamins, dairy products, or antacids

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9
Q

doxycycline

A

brand name: Vibramycin

medication class: Tetracycline Antibiotic
(ends in -cycline)

to help remember this drug:
tetra is a teenage girl who has a bad cycle and starts breaking out with acne so she uses tetracycline abx to treat acne

indication:
- acne vulgaris
- gonorrhea

side effects:
- diarrhea & superinfections…can alter normal intestinal and vaginal flora
- photosensitivity (avoid tanning beds & sunlight)
- permanent dental staining (has strong affinity for calcium)

counseling:
- complete full course of therapy
- contact your doctor if you experience signs of allergic reaction
- take with food to prevent upset stomach and diarrhea
- avoid if pregnant or planning to become pregnant

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10
Q

minocycline

A

brand name: Minocin (both have mino)

medication class: Tetracycline Abx

indication:
- acne vulgaris
- bacterial infection in penicillin-allergic patients

side effects:
- diarrhea
- photosensitivity
- permanent dental staining

counseling:
- complete full course of therapy
- contact your doctor if you experience signs of allergic reaction
- take with food to prevent upset stomach and diarrhea
- avoid if pregnant or planning to become pregnant

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11
Q

clindamycin

A

brand name: Cleocin (systemic), Cleocin T (topical)

medication class: Lincosamide antibiotic
*cleo and clin da(nced) my sin with linco

indication:
- skin and soft tissue infection
- pelvic inflammatory disease
- acne vulgaris (cleocin topical)

side effects:
- diarrhea
- nausea
- esophagitis

counseling:
- complete full course of therapy
- take with food to prevent upset stomach and diarrhea
- take with a full glass of water and remain upright for 30 minutes after dose to prevent esophagitis
- contact doctor if diarrhea persists or worsens

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12
Q

hydroxychloroquine

A

brand name: Plaquenil

medication class: Aminoquinoline

indication:
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- lupus erythematosus
- malaria*

side effects:
- retinopathy
- anemia
- dyschromia (hyperpigmentation of skin/nails)

counseling:
- if s/s of bleeding occur, call doc
- call doc immediately if eyesight worsens

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13
Q

PO nystatin

A

brand name: Bio- Statin

medication class: Polyene Antifungal

indication:
- candidiasis (fungal infection)

side effects:
- n/v
- diarrhea

counseling:
- shake suspension well before using
- seek medical attention if several mucosal irritations occur

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14
Q

tropical nystatin

A

brand name: Mycostatin

medication class: Polyene antifungal

indication:
- candidiasis

side effects:
- n/v
- diarrhea

counseling:
- shake suspension well before using
- seek medical attention if several mucosal irritations occur

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15
Q

oseltamivir

A

brand name: Tamiflu
*both have tam…tam-tam

medication class:
- Neuraminidase Inhibitor, URI Antiviral

indication:
- Influenza A and B Virus Treatment
- Influenza A and B Virus Prophylaxis

side effects:
- n/v
- diarrhea
- seizures, can have neuroeffects (abnormal behaviour, confusion, delirium, hallucination)
- bronchitis

counseling:
- complete full course of therapy. symptoms should improve within 2-3 days; if they worsen, seek care
- take with food

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16
Q

Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir

A

brand name: paxlovid

medication class: URI Antivirals, protease inhibitors

indication:
- treatment of mild to moderate COVID-19 infection who test positive for SARS-CoV-2 viral testing
- those at high risk for progression to severe COVID-19

side effects:
- hypertension
- diarrhea
-myalgia
-dysgeusia (abnormal sense of taste)

counseling:
- at risk for renal impairment (check pt for functioning kidneys)

17
Q

trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole

A

brand name: Bactrim, Septra

medication class: Sulfonamide Antibiotic UTI abx

indication:
- UTI*
- traveler’s diarrhea

side effects:
- diarrhea/nausea
- skin rash

counseling:
- seek medical attention for severe diarrhea, dark urine, yellowing of skin/eye, unusual bruising or bleeding, blistering skin rash, or SOB
- may cause photosensitivity; use sunscreen
- maintain adequate hydration during therapy to prevent kidney complications

18
Q

nitrofurantoin

A

brand name: Macrobid, Macrodantin

medication class: Nitrofuran Antibiotic

indication:
- UTI treatment*
- UTI prophylaxis (aim to prevent UTI)

side effects:
- discoloration of urine

19
Q

metronidazole

A

brand name: Flagyl

medication class: Nitroimidazole abx, antiprotozoal

indication:
- bacterial vaginosis*
- intra abdominal infection (lexi comp)

side effects:
- nausea/diarrhea
- abnormal taste

20
Q

fluconazole

A

brand name: Diflucan

medication class: imidazole antifungal

indication:
- candidiasis
- vaginosis*
- cryptococcal meningitis

side effects:
- headache
- arrhythmias (rare but serious)

21
Q

acyclovir

A

brand name: Zovirax

medication class: anti-viral; Viral DNA Polymerase Inhibitor

indication:
- genital herpes
- herpes zoster (shingles)

side effects:
- malaise
- renal failure

22
Q

clobetasol

A

brand name: Temovate

medication class: topical corticosteroid (anti-inflammatory steroidal)

indication:
- plaque psoriasis
- steroid responsive skin disorders

side effects:
- dry skin
- skin reactions (allergic contact dermatitis, atrophy, burning, edema, hypersensitivity reactions)
- cataracts, glaucoma

23
Q

hydrocortisone

A

brand name: Texacort

medication class: topical corticosteroid

indication:
- steroid responsive skin disorders

side effects:
- dry skin
- skin reaction (allergic contact dermatitis, atrophy, burning, edema, hypersensitivity reactions)
- cataracts, glaucoma

24
Q

triamicinolone

A

brand name: Kenalog

medication class: Topical Corticosteroid

indication:
- dermatitis

side effects:
- dry skin
- skin reactions (allergic contact dermatitis, atrophy, burning, edema, hypersensitivity reactions)
- cataracts, glaucoma

25
Q

brimonidine

A

brand name: Alphagan P

medication class: Adrenergic Agonist; antiglaucoma agent

indication:
- ocular hypertension (increases outflow of aqueous humor)
- open angle glaucoma

side effects:
- allergic conjunctivitis
- burning sensation in eye
- visual disturbances
- conjuctival hyperemia
- drowsiness, dry mouth, HA, weakness, muscular pain

26
Q

latanoprost

A

brand name: Xalatan, Xelpros

medication class: Prostaglandin, Antiglaucoma agent

indication:
- tx: of open angle glaucoma
- ocular hypertension

side effects:
- hyperpigmentation of iris and eyelashes (can increase eyelash growth)
- burning sensation in the eye
- hyperemia (redness in eye)
- visual disturbances

medication may change eye color

27
Q

travoprost

A

brand name: Travatan

medication class: Prostaglandin, antiglaucoma agent

indication:
- ocular hypertension
- open angle glaucoma

side effects:
-hyperpigmentation of iris and eyelashes (can increase eyelash growth)
- burning sensation in the eye
- hyperemia (redness in eye)
- visual disturbances

28
Q

dorzolamide/timolol

A

brand name: Cosopt, trusopt

medication class: Beta blocker (non-selective), carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (opthalmic), antiglaucoma

indication:
- elevated intraocular pressure (this medication decreases formation of aqueous humor –> leads to decrease in ocular pressure)

side effects:
- bitter taste
- ocular irritation (burning sensation in eye)
- visual disturbances
- hyperemia
- allergy

pharm (8 decks)

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