Pharm quiz week 2 Flashcards
generic: penicillin V potassium
brand name: Penicillin VK
medication class: antibiotic, penicillin
penny needs antibiotics bc she has bacterial endocarditis
indication:
- bacterial endocarditis
- ear infection
- pharyngitis
s/e:
- diarrhea
- skin rash–> could lead to steven johnson syndrom
- seizures (rare, but serious)
counseling points:
- complete full course of therapy
- contact doctor if you experience signs of allergic reaction
- take with food to prevent upset stomach & diarrhea
amoxicillin
brand name: Amoxi
medication class: B-lactam Antibiotic
indication:
- ear infection
- H.Pylori (gastrointestinal infection)
- pharyngitis
- respiratory tract infection
side effects:
- diarrhea
- skin rash
- seizures (rare, but serious)
- nausea
same counseling as penicillin
amoxicillin/clavulanate
brand name: Augmentin
medication class: B- lactam Antibiotic
indication:
- pneumonia
- ear infection
- sinus infection
side effects:
- diarrhea
- skin rash
- seizure
- nausea
cephalexin
brand name: Keflex
medication class: First- Gen Cephalosporin (type of abx)… starts w/cep-/ceph-…CHEF-phalosporins cook for those with ear infections
indication:
- ear infection (otitis media)
- pharyngitis
- osteomyelitis
- respiratory tract infection
- pharyngitis
side effects:
- diarrhea
- skin rash
- seizures (rare, but serious)
- nausea
cefdinir
brand name: Omnicef
medication class: 3rd gen cephalosporin (cef-/ceph-)
chef must make di nir (dinner) has an omni-presence (omnicef) in the kitchen…must cook for ppl with ear infections and bronchitis and pneumonia*
indication:
- otitis media (ear infection)
- bronchitis
- pneumonia
- can treat meningitis
side effects:
- diarrhea
- skin rash
- seizure
- nausea
azithromycin
brand name: Zithromax, Z-Pak
azithro= zithro
medication class: Macrolide Antibiotic (ends in -thromycin)…macaroni lights (macrolide) are ACE (azithromycin, clarythromycin, erythromycin)
lights shine on body to help diagnose the below
indication:
- Gonorrhea (STI)
- pneumonia (respiratory infections)
- pharyngitis
side effects:
- diarrhea
- QT prolongation (if taken for a long time)
- n/v
- GI: hepatoxicity, jaundice
- may reduce efficacy of oral contraceptives
counseling:
- complete full course of therapy
- contact doctor if you experience allergic reaction
- avoid taking with multivitamins, dairy products, or antacids
ciprofloxacin
brand name: Cipro (oral), Ciprodex (otic)…both brand and generic= cipro
medication class: fluroquinolone Abx (ends in -floxacin)
indication:
- UTI*
- lower respiratory tract infection
- ear infection (ciprodex)
side effects:
- diarrhea
- tendonitis (flower queen makes you fall and hurt your tendons…drug actually has a black box warning for tendonitis & rupture)
nausea
- QT prolongation (if used with beta blocker)
- photosensitivity (pt should not be exposed to sun)…pruritis, rash, urticaria can occur
- confusion
counseling:
- complete full course of therapy
- contact doctor if you experience allergic reaction
- avoid taking with multivitamins, dairy products, or antacids (may reduce absorption)
levofloxacin
brand name: Levaquin (b&g= levo)
medication class: Fluoroquinolone Abx (-floxacin)
indication:
- pneumonia
- skin tissue infection
side effects:
- diarrhea
- tendonitis (flower queen makes you fall and hurt your tendons…drug actually has a black box warning for tendonitis & rupture)
nausea
- QT prolongation (if used with beta blocker)
- photosensitivity (pt should not be exposed to sun)…pruritis, rash, urticaria can occur
- confusion
counseling:
- complete full course of therapy
- contact doctor if you experience allergic reaction
- avoid taking with multivitamins, dairy products, or antacids
doxycycline
brand name: Vibramycin
medication class: Tetracycline Antibiotic
(ends in -cycline)
to help remember this drug:
tetra is a teenage girl who has a bad cycle and starts breaking out with acne so she uses tetracycline abx to treat acne
indication:
- acne vulgaris
- gonorrhea
side effects:
- diarrhea & superinfections…can alter normal intestinal and vaginal flora
- photosensitivity (avoid tanning beds & sunlight)
- permanent dental staining (has strong affinity for calcium)
counseling:
- complete full course of therapy
- contact your doctor if you experience signs of allergic reaction
- take with food to prevent upset stomach and diarrhea
- avoid if pregnant or planning to become pregnant
minocycline
brand name: Minocin (both have mino)
medication class: Tetracycline Abx
indication:
- acne vulgaris
- bacterial infection in penicillin-allergic patients
side effects:
- diarrhea
- photosensitivity
- permanent dental staining
counseling:
- complete full course of therapy
- contact your doctor if you experience signs of allergic reaction
- take with food to prevent upset stomach and diarrhea
- avoid if pregnant or planning to become pregnant
clindamycin
brand name: Cleocin (systemic), Cleocin T (topical)
medication class: Lincosamide antibiotic
*cleo and clin da(nced) my sin with linco
indication:
- skin and soft tissue infection
- pelvic inflammatory disease
- acne vulgaris (cleocin topical)
side effects:
- diarrhea
- nausea
- esophagitis
counseling:
- complete full course of therapy
- take with food to prevent upset stomach and diarrhea
- take with a full glass of water and remain upright for 30 minutes after dose to prevent esophagitis
- contact doctor if diarrhea persists or worsens
hydroxychloroquine
brand name: Plaquenil
medication class: Aminoquinoline
indication:
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- lupus erythematosus
- malaria*
side effects:
- retinopathy
- anemia
- dyschromia (hyperpigmentation of skin/nails)
counseling:
- if s/s of bleeding occur, call doc
- call doc immediately if eyesight worsens
PO nystatin
brand name: Bio- Statin
medication class: Polyene Antifungal
indication:
- candidiasis (fungal infection)
side effects:
- n/v
- diarrhea
counseling:
- shake suspension well before using
- seek medical attention if several mucosal irritations occur
tropical nystatin
brand name: Mycostatin
medication class: Polyene antifungal
indication:
- candidiasis
side effects:
- n/v
- diarrhea
counseling:
- shake suspension well before using
- seek medical attention if several mucosal irritations occur
oseltamivir
brand name: Tamiflu
*both have tam…tam-tam
medication class:
- Neuraminidase Inhibitor, URI Antiviral
indication:
- Influenza A and B Virus Treatment
- Influenza A and B Virus Prophylaxis
side effects:
- n/v
- diarrhea
- seizures, can have neuroeffects (abnormal behaviour, confusion, delirium, hallucination)
- bronchitis
counseling:
- complete full course of therapy. symptoms should improve within 2-3 days; if they worsen, seek care
- take with food
Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir
brand name: paxlovid
medication class: URI Antivirals, protease inhibitors
indication:
- treatment of mild to moderate COVID-19 infection who test positive for SARS-CoV-2 viral testing
- those at high risk for progression to severe COVID-19
side effects:
- hypertension
- diarrhea
-myalgia
-dysgeusia (abnormal sense of taste)
counseling:
- at risk for renal impairment (check pt for functioning kidneys)
trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole
brand name: Bactrim, Septra
medication class: Sulfonamide Antibiotic UTI abx
indication:
- UTI*
- traveler’s diarrhea
side effects:
- diarrhea/nausea
- skin rash
counseling:
- seek medical attention for severe diarrhea, dark urine, yellowing of skin/eye, unusual bruising or bleeding, blistering skin rash, or SOB
- may cause photosensitivity; use sunscreen
- maintain adequate hydration during therapy to prevent kidney complications
nitrofurantoin
brand name: Macrobid, Macrodantin
medication class: Nitrofuran Antibiotic
indication:
- UTI treatment*
- UTI prophylaxis (aim to prevent UTI)
side effects:
- discoloration of urine
metronidazole
brand name: Flagyl
medication class: Nitroimidazole abx, antiprotozoal
indication:
- bacterial vaginosis*
- intra abdominal infection (lexi comp)
side effects:
- nausea/diarrhea
- abnormal taste
fluconazole
brand name: Diflucan
medication class: imidazole antifungal
indication:
- candidiasis
- vaginosis*
- cryptococcal meningitis
side effects:
- headache
- arrhythmias (rare but serious)
acyclovir
brand name: Zovirax
medication class: anti-viral; Viral DNA Polymerase Inhibitor
indication:
- genital herpes
- herpes zoster (shingles)
side effects:
- malaise
- renal failure
clobetasol
brand name: Temovate
medication class: topical corticosteroid (anti-inflammatory steroidal)
indication:
- plaque psoriasis
- steroid responsive skin disorders
side effects:
- dry skin
- skin reactions (allergic contact dermatitis, atrophy, burning, edema, hypersensitivity reactions)
- cataracts, glaucoma
hydrocortisone
brand name: Texacort
medication class: topical corticosteroid
indication:
- steroid responsive skin disorders
side effects:
- dry skin
- skin reaction (allergic contact dermatitis, atrophy, burning, edema, hypersensitivity reactions)
- cataracts, glaucoma
triamicinolone
brand name: Kenalog
medication class: Topical Corticosteroid
indication:
- dermatitis
side effects:
- dry skin
- skin reactions (allergic contact dermatitis, atrophy, burning, edema, hypersensitivity reactions)
- cataracts, glaucoma
