week 6

Question 1

the oral cavity in the older adult

Answer 1

-soft tissue atrophy & epithelium thins
-decreased salivary production
-tissues ulcerate easily which increases risk of infection
-dental changes (missing teeth or dentures)
-medication side effects (dry mouth→infection)

Question 2

abdomen assessment technique

Answer 2

1. inspection
2. auscultation
3. percussion
4. palpation (light & deep)
   palpate last to not stimulate peristalsis

Question 3

pt position for examination of abdomen

Answer 3

supine, arms at side, & knees slightly flexed

Question 4

five F’s for distended abdomens

Answer 4

fat
fecal
fluid
fetus
flatus

Question 5

what quadrant do we auscultate first and why?

Answer 5

RLQ bc peristalsis is most active in RLQ then we move clockwise

Question 6

absent bowel sound

Answer 6

No BS for 5 minutes
cant eat

Question 7

hypoactive bowel sound

Answer 7

<5 per minute
constipated

Question 8

active (normoactive) bowel sound

Answer 8

5-30 per minute

Question 9

hyperactive bowel sound

Answer 9

> 30 per minute
very loud and grumbly

Question 10

abdominal guarding

Answer 10

abdominal muscles tense up when palpating which can indicate peritonitis or ruptured appendicitis

Question 11

rebound tenderness

Answer 11

pain upon removal of pressure rather than application of pressure can indicate peritonitis and/or appendicitis

Question 12

normal amount of bowel movements per week

Answer 12

3

Question 13

which medication slows peristalsis (constipation)

Answer 13

opiods

Question 14

what are hemorrhoids

Answer 14

veins in the lining of the rectum become permanently dilated and engorged with blood

Question 15

natural defecation position

Answer 15

anorectal angle (squatting)

Question 16

normal urine output in one hour

Answer 16

30mL/hour

Question 17

what is nocturia and hematuria?

Answer 17

nocturia = increased frequency of urination
hematuria = blood in urine

Question 18

overflow & example

Answer 18

caused by pressure inside the bladder
ex: men dribbling

Question 19

stress

Answer 19

pregnant women & sneezing

Question 20

urge/reflex

Answer 20

bladder oversensitive from infection

Question 21

functional & example

Answer 21

all structures aren’t working
stroke pt not realizing they are peeing

Question 22

clean-voided or midstream

Answer 22

-cleanse before peeing
-pee first and then in cup

Question 23

urinalysis used for what?

Answer 23

detect and manage a wide range of disorders, such as urinary tract infections, kidney disease and diabetes
looks at appearance

Question 24

urine culture used to collect what?

Answer 24

bacteria or other germs in a urine sample

Question 25

24 hr urine collection used to collect what?

Answer 25

-1st one gets dumped
-measures whats in your urine & check kidney function

Question 26

3 components of fluid balance

Answer 26

1. fluid intake & absorption
2. fluid distribution
3. fluid output

Question 27

what is the most accurate assessment of fluid balance?

Answer 27

daily weigths

Question 28

1oz = _____ mL

Answer 28

30mL

Question 29

urine measuring devices (5)

Answer 29

1. hat
2. urinal
3. emesis bin
4. graduated cylinder
5. specimen cup