Week 5 Inflammation

Question 1

an immunological defense against injury, infection, or allergy, marked by increases in regional blood flow, immigration of white blood cells, and release of chemical toxins

Answer 1

inflammation

Question 2

process the body uses to protect itself from invasion of foreign organisms and to repair tissue trauma

Answer 2

inflammation

Question 3

may cause fevers, joint and muscle pains, organ dysfunction, and exhaustion

Answer 3

inflammation

Question 4

complex process of defense and repair within tissues brought on by causes of cellular injury

Answer 4

inflammation

Question 5

inflammation is essential for the removal of dead and necrotic tissues (T/F)

Answer 5

true

Question 6

5 cardinal signs of inflammation

Answer 6

swelling (tumor)
heat (calor)
redness (rubor)
pain (dolor)
altered function (function laesa)

Question 7

causes of inflammation (4)

Answer 7

physical irritants, chemical irritants, infectious agents, immunological reactions

Question 8

characterized by active inflammation, tissue destruction, and the presence of an inflammatory exudate containing lymphocytes and macrophages; lasts days to years

Answer 8

chronic inflammation

Question 9

exudation of clear fluid with few cells

Answer 9

serous

Question 10

fibrin-rich exudate

Answer 10

fibrinous

Question 11

exudate rich in pus

Answer 11

purulent

Question 12

loss of epithelium resulting in ulcerous lesion

Answer 12

ulcerative

Question 13

type of inflammation with ulceration and a pseudomembrane over the ulcer

Answer 13

pseudomembranous

Question 14

specialized form of chronic inflammation characterized by the formation of granulomas

Answer 14

granulomatous

Question 15

accumulation of chronic inflammatory
cells

Answer 15

granuloma

Question 16

goals of inflammation (3)

Answer 16

isolate, eliminate, and regenerate

Question 17

a decrease in the diameter of a vessel

Answer 17

vasoconstriction

Question 18

movement of white blood cells to an area of inflammation in response to the release of chemical mediators by neutrophils, monocytes, and injured tissues

Answer 18

chemotaxis

Question 19

process in which white blood cells (neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages) engulf and destroy microorganisms, other foreign antigens, and cell debris

Answer 19

phagocytosis

Question 20

a localized accumulation of pus

Answer 20

abscess

Question 21

an open sore or lesion of skin or mucous membrane accompanied by sloughing of inflamed, necrotic tissue

Answer 21

ulcer

Question 22

blister-like elevation of skin containing serous fluid

Answer 22

vesicle

Question 23

an abscess or pustular infection of a sweat gland or hair follicle

Answer 23

furuncle (boil)

Question 24

several communicating boils of the skin and subcutaneous tissues that produce and discharge pus

Answer 24

carbuncle

Question 25

a small elevation of the skin containing pus

Answer 25

pustule

Question 26

protein-rich fluid containing white blood cells, especially neutrophils, and cell debris produced during inflammation commonly caused by infection with pyogenic bacteria

Answer 26

pus

Question 27

any fluid released from the body with a high concentration of protein, cells, or solid debris oozing through the tissues into a cavity or to the surface

Answer 27

exudate

Question 28

exudate which contains blood

Answer 28

hemorrhagic

Question 29

primarily composed of pus resulting from infections

Answer 29

purulent (suppurative)

Question 30

-first cells to enter the site of injury -able to phagocytize -produce chemicals to attract other cells -short lived

Answer 30

neutrophils

Question 31

-cells that kill bacteria -involved in allergic reactions and parasitic infections -present for longer than neutrophils -present in chronic inflammation

Answer 31

eosinophils

Question 32

cells which release histamine

Answer 32

basophils (in blood) / mast cells (in tissue)

Question 33

histamine causes _____

Answer 33

vasodilation

Question 34

-cells that enter site of injury within 3-4 days -able to phagocytize -present in chronic inflammation

Answer 34

macrophages

Question 35

-cells that have surface proteins specific for antigens -can “remember” a previously encountered antigen

Answer 35

lymphocytes

Question 36

the termination of the inflammatory response with the affected part returning to its normal state

Answer 36

resolution

Question 37

-damaged cells are replaced with identical new cells -not all tissue has this capacity -certain diseases interfere with this process

Answer 37

regeneration

Question 38

the restoration of damaged tissue by the growth of new, healthy cells not necessarily of the same type as the original tissue

Answer 38

repair

Question 39

a form of repaired tissue consisting of connective tissue (no blood vessels, hair follicles, oil/sweat glands or nerve endings)

Answer 39

scar (cicatrix)