Week 1 Terminology

Question 1

the science that deals with the study of disease

Answer 1

pathology

Question 2

the study of the cause of disease

Answer 2

etiology

Question 3

the origin and development of a disease

Answer 3

pathogenesis

Question 4

study of structural changes in the body caused by disease; includes both gross pathology and histopathology

Answer 4

pathological anatomy (morbid anatomy)

Question 5

study of changes in structure of the body that are readily seen with the unaided eye as a result of disease

Answer 5

gross pathology

Question 6

study of microscopic changes that cells, tissues and organs undergo as a result of disease

Answer 6

microscopic pathology (histopathology)

Question 7

deals with the specific features of disease in relation to particular organs or organ systems

Answer 7

special pathology

Question 8

pathology that uses clinical analysis and other laboratory procedures in the diagnosis and treatment of disease

Answer 8

clinical pathology

Question 9

study of functional changes in the body as a result of disease

Answer 9

physiological pathology

Question 10

study of disease to ascertain cause and manner of death

Answer 10

medicolegal (forensic) pathology

Question 11

a postmortem examination of the organs and tissues of a body to determine cause of death or pathological condition; frequently an investigation into the circumstances of a person’s death for purposes of legal issues

Answer 11

autopsy (necropsy)

Question 12

information provided by an autopsy (3)

Answer 12

-confirm or alter the clinical diagnosis and treatment of the disease
-advance medical knowledge and research
-assist in medicolegal cases to determine the identification of the deceased and the specific cause and manner of death

Question 13

any injury or disease that produces a physiological derangement in the body that results in the death of the individual

Answer 13

cause of death

Question 14

generally classified on the death certificate as natural, homicide, suicide, accident, or undetermined/unclassified

Answer 14

manner of death

Question 15

physiological derangement produced by the cause of death that results in death

Answer 15

mechanism of death

Question 16

the recognition of the nature of a particular disease

Answer 16

diagnosis

Question 17

the prediction of the outcome of a particular disease

Answer 17

prognosis

Question 18

subjective disturbances caused by a specific disease that are felt or experienced only by the
patient but are not directly measurable

Answer 18

symptoms

Question 19

objective disturbances produced by a disease that can be observed by other people

Answer 19

signs

Question 20

a set of signs and symptoms associated with a particular disease

Answer 20

syndrome

Question 21

any unfavorable condition arising during the course of a disease

Answer 21

complication

Question 22

present at birth

Answer 22

congenital

Question 23

present after birth

Answer 23

acquired

Question 24

cause is unknown

Answer 24

idiopathic

Question 25

disease with an abnormally high rate of occurrence in members of a particular workforce

Answer 25

occupational

Question 26

acquired in a hospital or other healthcare setting

Answer 26

nosocomial

Question 27

results from a medical treatment

Answer 27

iatrogenic

Question 28

based on genetic characteristics transmitted from parent to offspring

Answer 28

hereditary

Question 29

the manner in which the disease develops

Answer 29

pathogenesis

Question 30

reappearance of the symptoms of a disease after a period of remission

Answer 30

recurrent

Question 31

rapid onset and short duration

Answer 31

acute

Question 32

slow onset and long duration

Answer 32

chronic

Question 33

an acute disease with a rapid and severe onset (usually fatal)

Answer 33

fulminating

Question 34

the severity of a disease has increased

Answer 34

exacerbation

Question 35

the temporary cessation of the symptoms of a disease

Answer 35

remission

Question 36

a disease that is continually present in a community

Answer 36

endemic

Question 37

a disease that is currently in higher than normal numbers

Answer 37

epidemic

Question 38

a disease that is epidemic, widespread, or even a worldwide event

Answer 38

pandemic

Question 39

a disease that occurs occasionally in a random or isolated manner

Answer 39

sporadic

Question 40

the number of cases of a disease present in a specific population at a given time

Answer 40

prevalence

Question 41

the number of deaths in a given time or place or the proportion of deaths to a population

Answer 41

mortality rate

Question 42

the relative incidence of a disease in the population or the number of cases of a disease in a given time in a given population

Answer 42

morbidity rate

Question 43

the state or condition in which the body or a part of it is invaded by a pathogenic agent that, under favorable conditions, multiplies and produces injurious effects

Answer 43

infection

Question 44

a disease that can be transmitted directly or indirectly from one individual to another

Answer 44

communicable

Question 45

associated with a fever

Answer 45

febrile

Question 46

a hypersensitivity to a substance that does not normally cause a reaction

Answer 46

allergy

Question 47

a state of being poisoned by a drug or toxic substance

Answer 47

intoxication

Question 48

harboring of animal parasites, especially macroscopic forms like ticks or mosquitoes

Answer 48

infestation

Question 49

a lack of dietary or metabolic substance that can lead to disease

Answer 49

deficiency