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PIMS Pathology I > Week 1 Terminology > Flashcards

Week 1 Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

the science that deals with the study of disease

A

pathology

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2
Q

the study of the cause of disease

A

etiology

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3
Q

the origin and development of a disease

A

pathogenesis

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4
Q

study of structural changes in the body caused by disease; includes both gross pathology and histopathology

A

pathological anatomy (morbid anatomy)

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5
Q

study of changes in structure of the body that are readily seen with the unaided eye as a result of disease

A

gross pathology

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6
Q

study of microscopic changes that cells, tissues and organs undergo as a result of disease

A

microscopic pathology (histopathology)

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7
Q

deals with the specific features of disease in relation to particular organs or organ systems

A

special pathology

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8
Q

pathology that uses clinical analysis and other laboratory procedures in the diagnosis and treatment of disease

A

clinical pathology

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9
Q

study of functional changes in the body as a result of disease

A

physiological pathology

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10
Q

study of disease to ascertain cause and manner of death

A

medicolegal (forensic) pathology

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11
Q

a postmortem examination of the organs and tissues of a body to determine cause of death or pathological condition; frequently an investigation into the circumstances of a person’s death for purposes of legal issues

A

autopsy (necropsy)

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12
Q

information provided by an autopsy (3)

A

-confirm or alter the clinical diagnosis and treatment of the disease
-advance medical knowledge and research
-assist in medicolegal cases to determine the identification of the deceased and the specific cause and manner of death

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13
Q

any injury or disease that produces a physiological derangement in the body that results in the death of the individual

A

cause of death

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14
Q

generally classified on the death certificate as natural, homicide, suicide, accident, or undetermined/unclassified

A

manner of death

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15
Q

physiological derangement produced by the cause of death that results in death

A

mechanism of death

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16
Q

the recognition of the nature of a particular disease

A

diagnosis

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17
Q

the prediction of the outcome of a particular disease

A

prognosis

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18
Q

subjective disturbances caused by a specific disease that are felt or experienced only by the
patient but are not directly measurable

A

symptoms

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19
Q

objective disturbances produced by a disease that can be observed by other people

A

signs

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20
Q

a set of signs and symptoms associated with a particular disease

A

syndrome

21
Q

any unfavorable condition arising during the course of a disease

A

complication

22
Q

present at birth

A

congenital

23
Q

present after birth

A

acquired

24
Q

cause is unknown

A

idiopathic

25
Q

disease with an abnormally high rate of occurrence in members of a particular workforce

A

occupational

26
Q

acquired in a hospital or other healthcare setting

A

nosocomial

27
Q

results from a medical treatment

A

iatrogenic

28
Q

based on genetic characteristics transmitted from parent to offspring

A

hereditary

29
Q

the manner in which the disease develops

A

pathogenesis

30
Q

reappearance of the symptoms of a disease after a period of remission

A

recurrent

31
Q

rapid onset and short duration

A

acute

32
Q

slow onset and long duration

A

chronic

33
Q

an acute disease with a rapid and severe onset (usually fatal)

A

fulminating

34
Q

the severity of a disease has increased

A

exacerbation

35
Q

the temporary cessation of the symptoms of a disease

A

remission

36
Q

a disease that is continually present in a community

A

endemic

37
Q

a disease that is currently in higher than normal numbers

A

epidemic

38
Q

a disease that is epidemic, widespread, or even a worldwide event

A

pandemic

39
Q

a disease that occurs occasionally in a random or isolated manner

A

sporadic

40
Q

the number of cases of a disease present in a specific population at a given time

A

prevalence

41
Q

the number of deaths in a given time or place or the proportion of deaths to a population

A

mortality rate

42
Q

the relative incidence of a disease in the population or the number of cases of a disease in a given time in a given population

A

morbidity rate

43
Q

the state or condition in which the body or a part of it is invaded by a pathogenic agent that, under favorable conditions, multiplies and produces injurious effects

A

infection

44
Q

a disease that can be transmitted directly or indirectly from one individual to another

A

communicable

45
Q

associated with a fever

A

febrile

46
Q

a hypersensitivity to a substance that does not normally cause a reaction

A

allergy

47
Q

a state of being poisoned by a drug or toxic substance

A

intoxication

48
Q

harboring of animal parasites, especially macroscopic forms like ticks or mosquitoes

A

infestation

49
Q

a lack of dietary or metabolic substance that can lead to disease

A

deficiency

PIMS Pathology I (8 decks)

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