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Paramedic Drugs > Week 5 Drugs > Flashcards

Week 5 Drugs Flashcards

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0
Q

Amyl Nitrite

Pharmacology and Actions
VC

A
  • Vasodilator and smooth muscle relaxant.

- converts hemoglobin to methemoglobin which combines with cyanide forming an non-toxic compound cyanmethemoglobin.

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1
Q

Amyl Nitrite

Class

A

Nitrate

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2
Q

Amyl Nitrite

Indications

A

Cyanide poisoning

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3
Q

Amyl Nitrite

Contraindications

A

None when used to manage an acute cyanide poisoning

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4
Q

Amyl Nitrite

Precautions and Side Effects

A 
Headache/Dizziness 
Orthostatic vital signs 
Syncope
Tachycardia 
N/V
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5
Q

Amyl Nitrite

Dosage

A

Adult
0.3ml ampule crushed every minute and inhaled for 15-30 seconds

Pedi
Same as adult

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6
Q

Etomidate

Class

A

General anesthetic

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7
Q

Etomidate

Pharmacology and Actions
UN

A
  • ultra short non-barbiturate hypnotic anesthetic

- no analgesic effects and limited cardiovascular effects.

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8
Q

Etomidate

Indications

A

First line anesthetic for rapid sequence induction intubation

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9
Q

Etomidate

Contraindications

A

Hypersensitivity

Sepsis in pediatric patients

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10
Q

Etomidate

Precautions and Side Effects

A

Hypertension
Tachycardia/Bradycardia
Apnea

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11
Q

Etomidate

Dosage

A

Adult
0.1-0.3mg/kg IV over 15 to 30 seconds

Pediatric
Same as adult

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12
Q

Glucagon

Class

A

Hormone, anti-hypoglycemic

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13
Q

Glucagon

Pharmacology and Action
NRA

A
  • Natural polypeptide hormone secreted by the pancreas.
  • Released to breakdown stored glycogen to glucose and inhibit the synthesis of glycogen from glucose.
  • Acts on receptor sites similar to those of epinephrine producing catecholamine like effects.
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14
Q

Glucagon

Indications
TBC

A

To increase blood sugar levels in hypoglycemia without vascular accesses
Beta-blocker overdose
Calcium channel blocker overdose

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15
Q

Glucagon

Contraindications
HO

A
  • Hypersensitivity to glucagon or protein compound

- only effective if there are glycogen stored in the liver

16
Q

Glucagon

Precautions and Side Effects

A

Hypotension
Hyperglycemia
Headache/Dizziness
N/V

17
Q

Glucagon

Dosage

A

Adult
Hypoglycemia: 1.0 unit IM/SC (may repeat as needed 5-20 min)
Beta-blocker OD: 2-3units IV/IO over 2-5 min

Pediatric (less than 20kg)
Hypoglycemia: 0.5 units
Beta-blocker OD: 0.05units/kg over 2-5 min (not to exceed adult dose)

Pediatric (grater than 20kg)
Hypoglycemia: 1.0 units
Beta-blocker OD: same as above

18
Q

Heparin

Class

A

Anticoagulant

19
Q

Heparin

Pharmacology and Actions
HEB3x

A
  • Heparin is a rapid onset anticoagulant.
  • exerts direct effect on the blood coagulation by inhibitory actions of antithrombinIII
  • blocks the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin to fibrin.
20
Q

Heparin

Indication

A

To prevent thrombus formation in acute MI

21
Q

Heparin

Contraindications

A

Active bleeding
Pregnancy
Hemophilia

22
Q

Heparin

Precautions and Side Effects

A 
Spontaneous bleeding 
Hypertension 
Headache 
Nasal congestion 
Bronchospasm
23
Q

Heparin

Dosage

A

Adult
5000 units followed by 20,000 to 40,000 units IV over approximately 24 hr

Pediatrics
Not recommended for pediatrics

24
Q

Nitrous Oxide

Class

A

General anesthetic and analgesic

25
Q

Nitrous Oxide

Pharmacology and Actions

A
  • Nitrous Oxide is a self administrated analgesic gas compound of 50% oxygen and 50% Nitrous Oxide.
  • effects last only 2-5 minutes after administration ceases.
26
Q

Nitrous Oxide

Indications
BMIS

A

Burns
Musculoskeletal injury/pain
Ischemic chest pain
Severe anxiety including hyperventilation

27
Q

Nitrous Oxide

Contraindications
ACPB

A

ALOC
COPD
Pneumothorax
Bowel obstruction

28
Q

Nitrous Oxide

Precautions and Side Effects

A

Dizziness
ALOC
Hallucination
N/V

29
Q

Nitrous Oxide

Dosage

A

Adult
Self administered until pain is relived or the PT drops the mask
Pedi
Same as adult

30
Q

Succinylcholine

Class

A

Depolarizing neuromuscular blocker

31
Q

Succinylcholine

Pharmacology and Action
UW

A

Succinylcholine as an ultra short acting neuromuscular blocker
-with a high liking for Ach receptor sites

32
Q

Succinylcholine

Indications
FET

A

Facilitated endotracheal intubation

33
Q

Succinylcholine

Contraindications
FGPLS

A 
Family history of malignant hyperthermia 
Glaucoma 
Penetrating eye trauma 
Liver disease 
Significant burns older then 24 hours
34
Q

Succinylcholine

Precautions and Side Effects

A 
Bradycardia 
Malignant hyperthermia 
Tachycardia 
Hypo/hypertension 
Respiratory depression 
Sinus arrest
35
Q

Succinylcholine

Dosage

A

Adult
1.0-1.5mg/kg/ IV/IM
Pedi
1-2mg/kg IV/IM

Paramedic Drugs (9 decks)

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