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Paramedic Drugs > Week 3 Drugs > Flashcards

Week 3 Drugs Flashcards

0
Q

Albuterol Proventil Ventolin Pharmacology and actions

BMI

A
  • beta 2 adrenergic bronchodilator causing bronchial smooth muscle relaxation with minimal beta 1 or alpha stimulation.
  • Inhibits histamine releases reducing mucus secretion and mucosal edema.
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1
Q

Albuterol Proventil Ventolin Class

A

Sympathomimetic Bronchodilator

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2
Q

Albuterol Proventil Ventolin Indications (BCH)

A

Bronchospasm
Crush Syndrome
Hyperkalemia

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3
Q

Albuterol Proventil Ventolin Contraindications

CHHT

A
  • Cardiac arrhythmias
  • Hypersensitivity
  • hypertension
  • symptomatic tachycardia
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4
Q

Albuterol Proventil Ventolin Precautions and Side Effects

A 
Angina
Anxiety
CNS stimulation 
Dizziness
diaphoresis
Headache/
Hypertension
palpitations
Tachycardia 
 Tremors
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5
Q

Albuterol Proventil Ventolin Dosage

A

2.5-5.0mg via nebulizer (repeat PRN)
Pediatric
<20kg 1.25mg in 3ml NS via nebulizer
>20kg 2.5mg in 3ml NS via nebulizer

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6
Q

Albuterol Proventil Ventolin How supplied

A

Unit dose vials: 2.5mg in 3ml NS (pillow packs)

1.25mg in 3ml NS

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7
Q

Diazepam Valium Class

A

Anti-anxiety, sedative/hypnotic, anti-convulsants

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8
Q

Diazepam Valium pharmacology and actions

BRRP

A
  • Benzodiazepine sedative and skeletal muscle relaxant that
  • reduces tremors, induces amnesia and reduces the recurrence of seizures.
  • relaxes muscles spasms in orthopedic injuries
  • produces amnesia for painful procedure.
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9
Q

Diazepam Valium Indications

AMPS

A
  • Acute anxiety attack
  • Muscle tremors due to injury
  • Premedication before cardioversion
  • Seizure, status epilepticus
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10
Q

Diazepam Valium Contraindications

(CDNS)

A

Coma
Depressed vital signs
Neonates
Shock

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11
Q

Diazepam Valium Precautions and side effects

(CEHT)

A

Cardiovascular collapse
Edema
Hypotension
Tachycardia

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12
Q

Diazepam Valium Dosage

A 
Anxiety 2-5 mg IV/IM
Seizure 5-10 mg IV/IO/IM
Premedication 5-15 mg IV/IO
Pediatric Dosage 
Premedication 0.2-0.5 mg/kg 
Seizure and anxiety  0.5-2mg IV/IO/IM
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13
Q

Ipratropium Bromide
Atrovent
Class

A

Parasympatholytic (anticholinergic) bronchodilator

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14
Q

Ipratropium Bromide
Atrovent
Pharmacology and Actions
(AAI)

A
  • Atrovent causes bronchodialtion and decreased respiratory secretions
  • Atrovent also abolishes vagally mediated reflex Bronchospasm.
  • inhibition of cholinergic receptors on bronchial smooth muscles.
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15
Q

Ipratropium Bromide
Atrovent
Indications
(Ac)

A

Asthma (in combination with other bronchodilators)

COPD

16
Q

Ipratropium Bromide
Atrovent
Contraindications
(HN)

A

Hypersensitivity to atrovent, atropine

Not primary treatment for Bronchospasm.

17
Q

Ipratropium Bromide
Atrovent
Precautions and Side Effects

A 
Dry mouth
GI Distress 
N/V 
Nervousness 
Dizziness
Headache 
Palpitations 
Blurred vision
18
Q

Ipratropium Bromide
Atrovent
Dosage

A

Adult
500mg in 3 ml saline via nebulizer
Pediatric
250 mg in 3 ml saline via nebulizer

19
Q

Ipratropium Bromide
Atrovent
How supplied

A

Unit dose vials: 500 mcg in 3 ml saline (pillow packs)

20
Q

Nitroglycerin
Nitrostat, Nitrobid, Nitrol, Tridil
Class

A

Nitrate, Anti-anginal

21
Q

Nitroglycerin
Nitrostat, Nitrobid, Nitrol, Tridil
Pharmacology and Actions
(CRDDG)

A
  • Cardiovascular effects:
  • Reduce venous tone; causes blood pooling in peripheral veins, dare easing venous return to the heart (preload).
  • Decreased peripheral resistance (after load)
  • Dilation of coronary arteries and relief of coronary artery spasm.
  • Generalized smooth muscle relaxation
  • Onset of action: 1-2 min
22
Q

Nitroglycerin
Nitrostat, Nitrobid, Nitrol, Tridil
Indications
(ACP)

A

Angina
Chest Pain suggestive of an MI
Pulmonary edema

23
Q

Nitroglycerin
Nitrostat, Nitrobid, Nitrol, Tridil
Contraindications

A 
Chest trauma 
Cerebral bleeding
Hypotension
Head trauma
Hypersensitivity 
Increased ICP
Use of erectile dysfunction drugs (Viagra, Cialis, Sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenfil) within previous 24-72 hours.
24
Q

Nitroglycerin
Nitrostat, Nitrobid, Nitrol, Tridil
Precautions and Side Effects

A

Hypotension, do not give if blood pressure <90 mmhg systolic. If hypotension develops, treat with IV fluids and lower patients head.
Use caution in the presence of right sided MI or inferior MI.
Common side effects include throbbing headache, flushing, dizziness, tachycardia and burning under the tongue. These side effects may be used to check potency of the patients nitroglycerin.

25
Q

Nitroglycerin
Nitrostat, Nitrobid, Nitrol, Tridil
Dosage

A

Adult only * NOT INDICATED FOR PEDIATRICS

0.4mg tablets or spray SL, may repeat every 5min as needed for pain relief.

26
Q

Nitroglycerin
Nitrostat, Nitrobid, Nitrol, Tridil
Special Notes

A

Check blood pressure after each dose administered
Nitroglycerin bottles containing tablets should be dated when they are opened. Nitroglycerin is light sensitive and outdates 6 months after opening the bottle.

27
Q

Vasopressin
Pitressin
Class

A

Hormone, vasopressor

28
Q

Vasopressin
Pitressin
Pharmacology and Actions
(VUV)

A
  • Vasopressin is a hormone with strong vasopressive and antidiuretic properties.
  • Use of vasopressin may precipitate angina and or AMI.
  • Vasopressin increases peripheral vascular resistance making CPR more effective and reducing bleeding from esophageal varices.
29
Q

Vasopressin
Pitressin
Indications
(CE)

A

Cardiac arrest

Esophageal varices

30
Q

Vasopressin
Pitressin
Contraindications
(IP1C)

A

Ischemic heart disease outside of cardiac arrest.
PVC’s
1st stage of labor
Chronic nephritis with nitrogen retention

31
Q

Vasopressin
Pitressin
Precautions and Side Effects
(HBPH)

A

Hypertension
Bradycardia
PAC’s
Heart block

32
Q

Vasopressin
Pitressin
Dosage

A

Cardiac arrest
40 u IV/IO
Esophageal varices
0.2-0.4 u/min IV drip

Paramedic Drugs (9 decks)

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