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Paramedic Drugs > Week 3 Drugs > Flashcards

Week 3 Drugs Flashcards

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1
Q

Albuterol - Name

A

Proventil

Ventolin

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2
Q

Albuterol - Class

A

Sympathomimetic bronchodilator

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3
Q

Albuterol - Pharmacology and Actions

A
  • Selective beta-2 adrenergic bronchodilator causing smooth muscle relaxation and minimal beta-1 or alpha stimulation.
  • Inhibits histamine release, reducing mucous secretion and mucosal edema
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4
Q

Albuterol - Indications

A
  • Bronchospasm
  • Hyperkalemia
  • Crush Syndrome
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5
Q

Albuterol - Contrainidications

A
  • Hypersensitivity to symptomatic tachycardias

- Cardiac arrhythmias and hypertension

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6
Q

Albuterol - Side Effects

A
  • Tachycardia
  • Hypertension
  • Angina/ Palpitations
  • CNS Stimulation
  • Headache/ Diaphoresis
  • Tremors/ Anxiety/ Dizziness
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7
Q

Diazepam - Name

A

Valium

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8
Q

Diazepam - Class

A

Anti-anxiety, Sedative/Hypnotic, Anti-convulsant

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9
Q

Diazepam - Pharmacology and Actions

A
  • Benzodiazepine sedative and skeletal muscle relaxant that reduces tremors, induces amnesia, and reduces recurrence of seizures
  • Relaxes muscle spasms in orthopedic injuries and produces amnesia for painful procedures
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10
Q

Diazepam - Indications

A
  • Seizures, status epilepticus
  • Premedication before cardioversion
  • Muscle tremors due to injury
  • Acute anxiety attck
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11
Q

Diazepam - Contrainldications

A
  • Shock
  • Coma
  • Depressed vitals
  • Neonates
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12
Q

Diazepam - Side Effects

A
  • Hypotension
  • Tachycardia
  • Edema
  • Cardiovascular collapse
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13
Q

Diazepam - Dosage

A

Seizures: 5-10mg IV/IO/IM

Anxiety: 2-5mg IV/IM

Premedication: 5-15mg IV/IO

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14
Q

Albuterol - Dosage

A

2.5-5 mg Nebulizer (repeat PRN)

Supplied:
Unit dose vials - 2.5 mg in 3 mL NS (pillow packs)
- 1.25 mg in 3 mL NS

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15
Q

Ipratroprium Bromide - Name

A

Atrovent

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16
Q

Ipratroprium Bromide - Class

A

Parasympatholytic (anticholinergic) bronchodilator

17
Q

Ipratroprium Bromide - Pharmacology and Actions

A
  • Causes bronchodilation and decreases respiratory secretions through competitive inhibition of cholinergic receptors of bronchial smooth muscles
  • Abolishes vagally mediated reflex bronchospasm
18
Q

Ipratropium Bromide - Indications

A
  • Asthma

- COPD

19
Q

Ipratropium Bromide - Contraindications

A
  • Hypersensitivity to Atrovent, Atropine or Atropine derivatives
  • Not to be used as primary treatment for bronchospasm
20
Q

Ipratropium Bromide - Side Effects

A
  • Dry mouth
  • GI distress
  • N/V
  • Nervousness
  • Dizziness
  • Headache
  • Palpitations
  • Blurred Vision
21
Q

Ipratropium Bromide - Dosage

A

500 mcg in 3 mL saline via Nebulizer

Supplied:
Unit dose vials - 500 mcg in 3 mL saline (pillow packs)

22
Q

Nitro - Name

A
  • Nitrostat
  • Nitrobid
  • Nitrol
  • Tridil
23
Q

Nitro - Class

A

Nitrate, Anti-anginal

24
Q

Nitro - Pharmacology and Actions

A

Cardiovascular:

 - causes blood pooling in the peripheral veins, decreasing          venous return to the heart (preload)
 - decreased peripheral resistance (afterload)
 - dilation of coronary arteries and relief of coronary artery spasm 
 - vasodilation of cerebral arteries, increasing blood flow to the brain
 - generalized smooth muscle relaxation

Onset = 1-2 min

25
Q

Nitro - Indications

A
  • Angina
  • Chest pain suggestive of an MI
  • Pulmonary edema
26
Q

Nitro - Contraindications

A
  • Hypotension
  • Chest Trauma
  • Cerebral Bleeding
  • Head Trauma
  • Increased ICP
  • Use of ED drugs within 24-72 hours
  • Hypersensitivity
27
Q

Nitro - Side Effects

A
  • Hypotension (systolic BP <90 mmHg)
  • Use caution with right or inferior MI
  • Headache/Dizziness
  • Tachycardia
  • Burning under the tongue
28
Q

Nitro - Dosage

A

.4 mg tablet or spray SL, may repeat every 5 minutes as needed for pain relief

  • check BP after each dose
  • bottles should be dated once opened
  • 6 month life after opened
29
Q

Vasopressin - Name

A

Pitressin

30
Q

Vasopressin - Class

A

Hormone, Vasopressor

31
Q

Vasopressin - Pharmacology and Actions

A
  • Hormone with strong vasopressive and antidiuretic properties
  • Increases peripheral vascular resistance making CPR more effective and reducing bleeding from esophageal varices
32
Q

Vasopressin - Indications

A
  • Cardiac arrest

- Esophageal varices

33
Q

Vasopressin - Contraindications

A
  • Ischemic heart disease outside of cardiac arrest
  • PVC’s
  • 1st stage labor
  • Chronic nephritis with nitrogen retention
34
Q

Vasopressin - Side Effects

A
  • Hypertension
  • Bradycardia
  • PAC’s
  • Heart Block
35
Q

Vasopressin - Dosage

A

Cardiac Arrest: 40 u IV/IO

Esophageal Varices: 0.2-0.4 u/min IV drip

Paramedic Drugs (9 decks)

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