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Applied Patho > Week 5 > Flashcards

Week 5 Flashcards

Metabolism: GI

1
Q

What do parietal cells secrete?

A
  • Hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factors
  • gastric secretions
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2
Q

What are G cells

A
  • Gastric cells
  • secrete peptide hormone gastrin
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3
Q

What do goblet cells do?

A
  • Secrete and release mucous for a protection layer and to help absorb
  • in stomach, small/ large intestine
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4
Q

What does the small intestine absorb

A

B12 vitamins and other vitamins

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5
Q

What do the large intestines absorb

A

electrolytes and water

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6
Q

Colitis means what

A

colon

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7
Q

Crohn ‘s can be found in the upper GI tract and is mixed throughout the tract as well
True or False

A

TRUE

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8
Q

-Azole suffix means

A

decrease or stop acid production in the stomach and digestive tract

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9
Q

example of -azole medication

A

omperazole

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10
Q

H2 blocker is

A
  • Antihistamine 2 blocker
  • blocks binding of histamines in the stomach
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11
Q

What is H. Pylori

A
  • bacteria
  • antibiotics needed to get rid of
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12
Q

What does H. Pylori secrete

A
  • urease
  • thins breaks down intestinal wall and causes lesions and tears (ulcers)
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13
Q

Protein Pump Inhibitor(PPIs)

A
  • inhibit stomach acid/ secretion
  • omeprazole
    -Azoles
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14
Q

NSAIDS

A
  • nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories
  • overuse can cause damage in the kidney
  • take with food, never on empty stomach
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15
Q

Bright red blood is characterized with

A
  • close to bleeding source
  • acid has not mixed with the blood
  • Vomiting: upper
  • Stool: Lower
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16
Q

Black tarry/ coffee ground blood is characterized with

A
  • further away from bleeding source
  • blood mixed with acid
  • Vomiting: Lower
  • Stool: Upper
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17
Q

Melena

A

black tarry stool

18
Q

Hematemesis

A

Bright Red bloody vomit

19
Q

Hematochezia

A

Bright Red bloody stool

20
Q

The prolonged retention and buildup of feces in the rectum

A

Fecal impaction

21
Q

A physical and anatomical change to the colon

A

cathartic colon

22
Q

An inherited condition that prevents the small intestine from absorbing nutrients, causing malnutrion

A

Celiac disease

23
Q

What is the best treatment for celiac disease

A

to cut out all gluten from diet

24
Q

What IBD is characterized by pseudopolyps and always effecting the rectum and large bowel

A

Ulcerative Collitis

25
Q

What IBD is characterized by skip lesions and cobble stoning and can occur anywhere along the GI tract

A

Crohn’s Disease

26
Q

What test is done by having a scope go through the anus to the rectum and through the large bowel

A

Colonoscopy

27
Q

Why do babies go poop so much

A

increased absorption and decrease in gastric motility but empty more frequently

28
Q

Why are babies so squishy and soft

A

Higher % of extracellular fluid volume

29
Q

T or F, wearing down of teeth and decreased taste/smell do not lead to reduced appetite

A

FALSE, it does reduce appetite

30
Q

What is the greatest concern with a severe Ulcerative Colitis attack

A

fluid and electrolyte loss

31
Q

burning sensation and pain that is alleviated while eating can be signs of a….

A

Peptic ulcer

32
Q

Where is gliadin found

A

in gluten

33
Q

Chemical processes involved in converting carbs, fats, and proteins from the foods we eat into energy needed for cell function

A

Metabolism

34
Q

inflammatory erosin in the stomach or duodenal lining

A

peptic ulcer disease

35
Q

NSAIDS inhibit or block what

A

Prostaglandin E

36
Q

what is bleeding in the esophagus, stomach, or duodenum called

A

upper GI Bleed

37
Q

What is bleeding that originates distal to the ileocecal valve called

A

Lower GI bleed

38
Q

What does fecal occult blood test look for

A

bleeding in the stool that is not detected by sight

39
Q

vagus nerve

A

opens lower esophagus sphincter

40
Q

Epiglottis

A

prevents food/liquid into airway

41
Q

Obstipation

A

Feeling to defecate but no stool or gas is present

42
Q

Steatorrhea

A
  • large amt of fat in stools
  • oily poop

Applied Patho (11 decks)

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