Week 14

Question 1

Blood cell production is

Answer 1

Hematopoiesis

Question 2

undeveloped, precursor cells in the bone marrow

Answer 2

Pluripotent Stem Cells

Question 3

Substance found in the middle of the center of bones; hematopoiesis takes place here

Answer 3

Bone Marrow

Question 4

Immature precursor cells for each WBC line

Answer 4

Blast Cells

Question 5

A rise in WBC count above 11000/mcl

Answer 5

Leukocytosis

Question 6

A decrease in WBC below 400/mcl

Answer 6

Leukopenia

Question 7

These cells are first responsers to an infection, stress, or inflammation. Part of the innate immunity

Answer 7

Neutrophils

Question 8

A lack of sufficient number of neutrophils

Answer 8

Neutropenia

Question 9

A lab test that identifies the amount of each type white blood cells and immature blood cells

Answer 9

CBC w/ Diff

Question 10

A large bore needle that extracts cells from the hip bone to examine the precursor cells in various stages of maturation

Answer 10

Bone Marrow Aspiration

Question 11

A sequence of coagulation factors that form fibrin strands that strength a platelet plug to form a clot

Answer 11

Coagulation Cascade

Question 12

Insufficient delivery of oxygen to the tissues by inadequate number of mature, healthy RBCs

Answer 12

Anemia

Question 13

Immature RBCs. Should remain in the bone marrow until maturity

Answer 13

Reticulocytes

Question 14

Destruction of RBCs

Answer 14

Hemolysis

Question 15

Misshapen RBCs become trapped and block blood flow, leading to ischemia in different organs

Answer 15

Vas-occlusive Crisis

Question 16

The physiologic process that stops bleeding at the site of an injury

Answer 16

Hemostasis

Question 17

Low platelets, which can cause bleeding

Answer 17

Thrombocytopenia

Question 18

Difference between sickle cell disease and sickle cell trait

Answer 18

• having the trait doesn’t mean you have the disease
• men more likely to have disease

Question 19

What is vaso-occlusive crisis and what could trigger it to occur

Answer 19

• sickle cell clot> leads to ischemia/ death(cell/organ)
• emergent situation
• infection, stress, dehydration

Question 20

The major steps of hemostasis

Answer 20

1. vasoconstriction
2. Development of platelet plug
3. coagulation

Question 21

Fibrinogen coverts to what?

Answer 21

Fibrin

Question 22

Acute Leukemias deal with what type of cells?

Answer 22

Blast (immature) cells

Question 23

Chronic leukemias deal with what type of cells?

Answer 23

Mature cells

Question 24

Which of the following white blood cell (WBC) levels would indicate that a patient has leukocytosis?
1. 1200 cells per microliter
2. 1800 cells per microliter
3. 5000 cells per microliter
4. 12,000 cells per microliter

Answer 24

4. 12000/mcl

Question 25

A patient presents with a white blood cell (WBC) count of 20,000 cells per microliter. Which of the following interpretations would be correct for the nurse to make?
1. The WBC count is so high that the patient will never have to worry about an infection.
2. The patient’s results are diagnostic for allergies or autoimmune disorders.
3. The patient likely has anemia, and the elevated WBC level is attempting to compensate.
4. Although elevated, the WBCs may be poorly functioning, increasing a patient’s risk for infection.

Answer 25

4. elevated WBCs may be poorly functioning

Question 26

A patient’s neutrophil number is 900 cells per microliter. Which of the following would be correct associations for the nurse to make?

1. The patient has an increased risk of infection.
2. The patient is suffering from anemia.
3. The patient has neutrophilia.
4. The patient has normal neutrophil levels.

Answer 26

1. The neutrophil number is low, this increases pts risk for infection

Question 27

A nursing student is asking about which general signs and symptoms may be present in cases of advanced leukemia. Which of the following are appropriate responses by the nurse educator? Select all that apply.
No overt signs or symptoms are present.
Bone pain
General leukopenia on completed blood count (CBC)
Splenomegaly
Anemia

Answer 27

Bone pain, Splenomegaly, and anemia

Question 28

A patient with sickle cell anemia, having been hospitalized with a vaso-occlusive crisis, is being discharged. Which instructions will be helpful for the patient?
1. The number one recommendation is to increase your activity level.
2. Do not overreact. Sickle cell anemia is not a severe disease and should not require hospitalization.
3. Make certain you have adequate hydration and rest, and avoid stressors when possible.
4. Use caution because your blood has limited ability to clot and a small cut may result in significant bleeding.

Answer 28

3. pt should maintain adequate hydration and rest, and avoid stressors

Question 29

A sickle cell anemia crisis leads to hemolysis of red blood cells (RBCs). Which of the following may the nurse expect to see?
1. Decreased serum bilirubin.
2. Increased reticulocyte percentage
3. Increased hematocrit
4. Decreased likelihood of jaundice

Answer 29

2. reticulocytes are immature RBCs and levels to replace lost cells

Question 30

Parents have just been told that their child has hemophilia. Which of the following information would be correct for the nurse to share?
1. Your child has a type of hemophilia that can be outgrown.
2. In your child, platelets do not work correctly. A bone marrow transplant may help..
3. Your child will likely suffer what is known as “vaso-occlusive” crisis.
4. Your child has an increased risk of bleeding, so care must be taken with even small wounds.

Answer 30

4. hemophilia disrupts the clotting cascade, increasing the risk for excessive bleeding

Question 31

A nursing student has a question about prothrombin (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) values. Which of the following responses show that the student has correct understanding?

1. PT and aPTT measure the same thing but are tests run by different companies.
2. PT and aPTT, when increased, increase the risk for bleeding..
3. PT and aPTT values should be less than 1 second.
4. A person with hemophilia would have a reduced PT and aPTT value.

Answer 31

2, Prolonged clotting times increase the risk for excessive bleeding