week 5

Question 1

• acculturation

Answer 1

dual process of cultural and psychological change that takes plave as a result of
contact between two or more cultural groups and their individual members —> long-term
process

Question 2

forms of acculturation

Answer 2

integrated cluster (preference for integration), ethnic cluster (preference for separation),
national cluster (attitudes and behaviors opposite to ethnic one), diffuse cluster
(marginalization)

Question 3

• positive multicultural ideology

Answer 3

accepting og cultural diversity as a shared communal

resource = cultural pluralism

Question 4

assimilation

Answer 4

less likely to enforce cultural change

Question 5

marginalization

Answer 5

(little interest in personal culture and in relations with others)

Question 6

acculturative stress

Answer 6

when acculturation experiences cause problems for acculturating
individuals

Question 7

• access-and-legitimacy perspective

Answer 7

diversity is only used to attain a goal without incorporating cultural
competencies of the diverse workforces into the core functions of the organization
- unequivocal racial overtone was detected
- two tracks: one for white and one for black people —> complicated for black people
- racial identity was contradictory and ambivalent, because minority status was only positively valued for
diversity of clients
- limiting effects due to two tracks

Question 8

discrimination-and-fairness perspective

Answer 8

culturally diverse workforce as a moral imperative to ensure
justice of all members
- unanimously negative effect; everyone was suspicious about each other’s motives
- black people reported feeling undermined, devalued, disrespected
- membership of racial group was connected with feeling of powerlessness, self-doubt
- negative effect on functioning: ability to reach potential was compromised extremely

Question 9

categorization-elaboration model (CEM):

Answer 9

integrates information/decision-making and social
categorization perspectives on workgroup diversity and performance
- —> diversity management should focus on fostering elaboration and on preventing intergroup biases
- intergroup biases that may result from social categorization disrupt elaboration of task-relevant
information and perspectives
- diversity leads to more creative problem solutions due to possible conflicts & dissent
- motivation and ability moderate relationship btw. diversity and performance

Question 10

self-categorization theory: the salience of social categorization is a function of 3 factors

Answer 10

1. comparative fit: the extent to which categorization yields subgroups with high intragroup similarity
   and high intergroup differences
   - 2. normative fit: the extent to which categorization makes subjective sense to group members
   - 3. cognitive accessibility: the ease with which the social categorization implied by the differences is
   cognitively activated