Week 5 Flashcards
Decadron
Brand: Decadron
Generic: dexamethasone oral
Class:
Indication: anti-inflammatory agent, antiemetic, corticosteroid
Counseling points:
- Long-term therapy avoid live vaccines
- AE include atrophic skin, healing impairment of skin, depression, euphoria, insomnia, hypercortisolism, fluid retention, and hypertension
- Counsel patients on Diabetes about potential hyperglycemia
- Avoid sudden discontinuation
Peridex, Hibiclens
Brand: Peridex, Hibiclens Generic: chlorhexidine Class: antibiotic Indication: gingivitis, periodontitis Counseling points: - Tell patients using the oral solution to not rinse, brush, or eat immediately after use - Do not swallow, swish and spit - Certain oral forms may cause teeth staining, altered sense of taste, or toothaches
Dexilant
Brand: Dexilant
Generic: dexlansoprazole
Class: proton pump inhibitor
Indication: esophagitis, gastroesophageal reflux
Counseling points:
- May be taken with or without food depending upon condition being treated
- Best if taken before meal
Bentyl
Brand: Bentyl
Generic: dicyclomine
Class: anticholinergic agent
Indication: irritable bowel syndrome
Counseling points:
- May cause anticholinergic side effects such as dry mouth, blurry vision, dizziness, and constipation
- Use caution when operating heavy machinery
- Avoid alcohol (increases CNS depression side effect)
Lomotil
Brand: Lomotil Generic: diphenoxylate/atropine Class: antidiarrheal Indication: diarrhea Counseling points: - May cause anticholinergic side effects - Do not exceed prescribed dosage
Zantac
Brand: Zantac
Generic: ranitidine
Class: histamine H2 antagonist
Indication: acid reflux, ulcer, heartburn
Counseling points:
- Do not continue therapy beyond 14 days unless directed by a physician
Golytely
Brand: Golytely Generic: polyethylene glycol Class: osmotic laxative Indication: constipation Counseling points: - Dissolve recommended dosage in 8 oz of liquid - Stir and drink immediately - Uses produces bowel movement in 1-3 days
Chantix
Brand: Chantix Generic: varenicline Class: partial nicotine agonist Indication: smoking cessation Counseling points: - May cause sleep problems or nightmares - Report any behavioral or mood changes - Take after eating and with glass of water to decreases GI upset
Armour Thyroid
Brand: Armour Thyroid Generic: thyroid Class: thyroid product Indication: hypothyroidism Counseling points: - Take once daily 30 minutes before breakfast or food
Boniva
Brand: Boniva
Generic: ibandronate
Class: bisphosphonate derivative
Indication: osteoporosis
Counseling points:
- Take on an empty stomach with a full glass of water;
- Do not lie down, eat, or take other medications for 60 min following the dose;
- Take calcium-, aluminum-, iron-, and magnesium-containing medications at a different time to avoid interfering with absorption of ibandronate
Fosamax, Binosto
Brand: Fosamax, Binosto
Generic: alendronate
Class: bisphosphonate derivative
Indication: osteoporosis, paget disease
Counseling points:
- You should make sure you get enough calcium and vitamin D while you are taking this medicine, unless your doctor tells you not to. Discuss the foods you eat and the vitamins you take with your health care professional
- Some people who take this medicine have severe bone, joint, and/or muscle pain. This medicine may also increase your risk for a broken thigh bone. Tell your doctor right away if you have pain in your upper leg or groin. Tell your doctor if you have any pain that does not go away or that gets worse.
- This medicine can make you more sensitive to the sun. If you get a rash while taking this medicine, sunlight may cause the rash to get worse. Keep out of the sun. If you cannot avoid being in the sun, wear protective clothing and use sunscreen. Do not use sun lamps or tanning beds/booths.”
Coumadin
Brand: Coumadin
Generic: warfarin
Class: vitamin K antagonist
Indication: myocardial infarction, thromboembolic complications
Counseling points:
- Narrow therapeutic index drug.
- Maintains consistent vitamin K intake, avoiding sudden dietary changes regarding leafy, green vegetables
- INR monitoring, dose adjustments required
- Multiple drug interactions: Do not start or stop another medication until consulting MD or PharmD first
- Black box warning: bleeding risk
- Take consistently with or without food
Sinemet
Brand: Sinemet
Generic: carbidopa/levodopa
Class: anti-Parkinson agent, decarboxylase inhibitor
/dopamine precursor
Indication: Parkinson’s
Counseling points:
- May cause nausea, hallucinations, and falling asleep without warning
- Exercise caution in operating heavy machinery
- Avoid products containing B6 as they reduce the effectiveness of levodopa
- May be taken with food or milk if GI upset occurs
Trexall
Brand: Trexall
Generic: methotrexate
Class: Antirheumatic, immunosuppressant agent
Indication: leukemia, psoriasis
Counseling points:
- Pay attention to weekly versus daily dosing; specific dosing schemes vary, but high dose should be followed by leucovorin to prevent toxicity;
- Avoid alcohol and other hepatotoxic agents
Minitran, Nitro-Dur, Nitrostat
Brand: Minitran, Nitro-Dur, Nitrostat Generic: nitroglycerin Class: antianginal agent, vasodilator Indication: angina Counseling points: - Sublingual tablet; do not crush, place under tongue and allow to dissolve - Take dose while sitting - May cause light-headedness - If symptoms unrelieved after 1st dose, call 911 and take second tablet in 5 min - Maximum dose is 3 tablets
Imitrex
Brand: Imitrex
Generic: sumatriptan
Class: serotonin 5-HT1B, 1D receptor agonist
Indication: headache, migraine
Counseling points:
- Tablet: Take at onset of migraine
- If some relief but returns, may repeat once in 2 h
- Do not exceed 200 mg in a 24-h period
- If no relief after 1st dose, call physician
- Warning: ischemic events
Plavix
Brand: Plavix Generic: clopidogrel Class: P2Y12 antagonist (antiplatelet) Indication: myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke Counseling points: - Monitor for bleeding - Take everyday with or without food - Caution with some OTCs: aspirin and NSAIDs
Pradaxa
Brand: Pradaxa
Generic: dabigatran
Class: direct thrombin inhibitor
Indication: Afib, embolism treatment and prevention
Counseling points:
- Monitor for bleeding.
- Do not break or chew capsule
- Throw away any unused portion after 4 mo
- Keep in original pill container or blister pack
- Dyspepsia is most common side effect
- If missed dose remembered after 6 h, wait to take next scheduled dose
- Do not double-up dosage, and do not discontinue therapy without MD consult
- May be taken with or without food
Persantine
Brand: Persantine Generic: dipyridamole Class: vasodilator Indication: thrombosis Counseling points: - Monitor for bleeding. - May cause headache and GI upset - Do not discontinue therapy without MD consult
Effient
Brand: Effient Generic: prasugrel Class: P2Y12 antagonist Indication: acute coronary syndrome Counseling points: - Inform physicians of drug therapy before any surgery - Report excessive bleeding - Avoid sudden discontinuation - Avoid medications that may increase bleeding risk
Xarelto
Brand: Xarelto
Generic: rivaroxaban
Class: factor Xa inhibitor (anticoagulant)
Indication: AFib, CAD
Counseling points:
- DVT, stroke prophylaxis following postoperative knee and hip surgery and nonvalvular AFib
- Doses at 15 mg or above must be taken with food
- Important not to miss a dose or double dose
- Stop at least 24 h before surgery
- Monitor for signs/symptoms of bleeding
- Drug interactions (CYP 450 3A4)
- Do not discontinue therapy without MD consult
Brilinta
Brand: Brilinta
Generic: ticagrelor
Class: P2Y12 antagonist
Indication: acute coronary syndrome
Counseling points:
- May cause shortness of breath and dizziness.
Monitor for bleeding
- Taken with aspirin, but no more than 100 mg/d
- Caution with some OTCs aspirin and NSAIDs
- Do not discontinue therapy without MD consult
May be taken with or without food
ProAir, ProVentil, Ventolin
Brand: ProAir, ProVentil, Ventolin
Generic: albuterol
Class: beta 2 agonist
Indication: bronchospasm
Counseling points:
- Counsel patient on proper administration of metered dose inhaler and as needed rescue dosing
- Can cause jitteriness, shaking, nervousness, headache, dizziness
- Albuterol is also available as a nebulization solution and orally as a syrup and tablets
Pulmicort
Brand: Pulmicort Generic: budesonide Class: corticosteroid Indication: asthma Counseling points: - Inhalation form is not for acute attacks - Avoid exposure to chickenpox - Nausea, headache - Rinse mouth with water after each use - various counseling points depending on formulation
Flovent
Brand: Flovent Generic: fluticasone oral inhaler Class: corticosteroid Indication: asthma Counseling points: - Counsel patient on proper administration of metered dose inhaler - Rinse mouth after inhalation - Not to be used as a rescue inhaler to relieve acute asthma symptoms
Combivent Respimat
Brand: Combivent Respimat
Generic: ipratropium/albuterol
Class: beta 2 agonist, anticholinergic agent
Indication: COPD
Counseling points:
- Counsel patient on proper administration of inhalation device
- Also available as inhalation solution for nebulization
Eliquis
Brand: Eliquis
Generic: apixaban
Class: factor Xa inhibitor (anticoagulant)
Indication: DVT, pulmonary embolism
Counseling points:
- Inform physicians of drug therapy before any surgery
- Report plans for pregnancy or breastfeeding
- Report signs of bleeding- avoid sudden discontinuation
