Week 4 Sharma: Perio affect on Systemic Health Flashcards

1
Q

What is focal infection?

A

Source of infection that affects other sites e.g. caries, periodontitis, abscess

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How do microbes in dental plaque cause CT and bone destruction?

A

Microbes in dental plaque induces local and systemic inflammatory response. Immune reaction can also affect other systems, leading to systemic diseases.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What conditions is perio linked with?

A
  • CHD- atherosclerosis
  • Stroke
  • Osteoporosis
  • Preterm LBW baby
  • Diabetes
  • Lung infection
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are similarities between CVD and periodontal disease?

A
  • Occur more commonly in populations that are older
  • Predominantly affects males
  • Use tobacco products at higher rates
  • With higher stress levels
  • Have fewer financial resources
  • Are socially isolated
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How is dental plaque linked to pneumonia?

A

Pneumonia causing bacteria in dental plaque is aspirated and can cause pneumonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Does periodontitis cause CVD and stroke?

A

No- can’t be considered a cause but can be considered an additional risk factor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How do periodontal pathogens affect CVD?

A

Chronic bacterial challenge and proinflammatory cytokines from perio pathogens produce vascular effects such as hypercoagulability, atheroma formation and thromboembolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How does periodontal infection contribute to ischaemic heart disease?

A

Inc in fibrinogen, WBC, Von Willebrand factor → Inc blood viscosity → ischaemic heart disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How does periodontal infection contribute to atherosclerosis?

A

Bacteraemia of gram -ve LPS → endothelial damage, monocyte migration→ cytokine/growth factor production → atherosclerosis (vessel wall thickening)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the brief explanation for how dental plaque can lead to MI?

A

Bacteria from plaque enters blood stream and triggers inflammatory reactions within the body such as release of CRP from liver. This results in vessel hardening and atherosclerosis. MI can result if artery becomes blocked

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How does diabetes lead to alveolar bone loss?

A

Diabetes → Inc RANKL, AGEs, ROS and inflammation enhanced PDL and osteoblast apoptosis, reduced bone formed, enhanced osteoclast production → alveolar bone loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How does periodontal disease cause diabetes?

A

Gram -ve periodontal infection → inc insulin resistance → worse glycaemic control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How does perio tx impact diabetes?

A

Dec inflammation → improved insulin sensitivity → improved glycaemic control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the risk of perio with pregnancy?

A
  • Pre term, low birth weight infants
  • (<37 weeks, <2.5kg)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How is perio linked with adverse pregnancy outcomes?

A
  • Bacteria and products in amnion → increase prostaglandins in amnion → preterm low birth weight babies
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How should pregnant patients be managed with perio?

A
  • Preventative oral care services should be provided early in pregnancy
  • If perio therapy required, schedule early in 2nd trimester
  • Presence of acute infection or abscess require immediate intervention irrespective of stage of pregnancy
16
Q

How is periodontal disease associated with pneumonia?

A

Pneumonia causing bacteria in dental plaque are aspirated and can lead to pneumonia