Week 4: Ophthalmic/Otic Disorders (from book reading) Flashcards
what is the most common disorder that effects the front portion of the eye?
dry eye disease
what are the symptoms of dry eye disease?
sandy, gritty feeling or sensation that something is in the eye
what is a good OTC product to treat dry eye disease?
artificial tear products
what are the symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis?
does it cause impairment of vision?
red eye with watery discharge, most common symptom is itching (pruritus)
no, but blurry vision may occur due to excessive tearing
what’s a good nonpharmacologic therapy for allergic conjunctivitis?
cold compression of the eyes to reduce redness and itching
what is the first-line OTC product to treat allergic conjunctivitis? what should be recommended if they do not work?
artificial tear products
antihistamines
what are the names of the 5 nonprescription decongestants for topical application to the eye?
phenylephrine naphazoline tetrahydrozoline oxymetazoline brimonidine
decongestants are mainly specified to treat?
allergic conjunctivitis
what other class of drug is always combined with antihistamines for treatment of the eye?
decongestants
what is corneal edema?
swelling of the cornea which may reduce vision
what are the symptoms of contact dermatitis of the eyelid?
swelling, scaling, or redness of eyelid, and itching (pruritus)
how can contact dermatitis of the eyelid occur?
change in soap, reaction to eye medication, beauty products
what is age-related macular degeneration (AMD)?
what are the two types?
which one occurs more frequently?
which one is more severe?
an eye disease that can blur vision
wet and dry
dry AMD
wet AMD
what is cerumen?
assists in defense of external ear canal
what medication can be used to remove hardened or impacted cerumen?
carbamide peroxide
hydrogen peroxide
docusate
what is the only safe and effective treatment for water-clogged ears?
isopropyl alcohol 95%
Ruptured tympanic membrane what causes it? pain? itching? loss of hearing? discharge?
otitis media or trauma to ear such as a sharp blow, diving into water brief, severe pain no itching abrupt loss of hearing discharge if caused by otitis media
External otitis (swimmer's ear) what causes it? pain? itching? loss of hearing? discharge? other symptoms?
local trauma to outer portion of ear caused by excessive moisture or abrasions; could be due to fungal/bacterial infections
acute onset of pain, ranges from mild to severe, increases with movement
does cause itching
occasional loss of hearing
occasional discharge
swollen ear canal, stuffiness, swollen lymph nodes, fever
Otitis media what causes it? pain? itching? loss of hearing? discharge? other symptoms?
bacterial infection of middle ear, usually following an upper resp. tract infection
sharp, steady, frequent pain occurring unilaterally. does not increase w/ movement
no itching
hearing sometimes decreased
possible discharge
bulging eardrum. swollen lymph nodes, fever, dizziness
foreign object in ear what causes it? pain? itching? loss of hearing? discharge? other symptoms?
misc. objects/insects
dull-severe pain w/ sense of fullness or pressure during chewing
causes itching
causes loss of hearing
possible discharge
if not removed, acute otitis externa and tinnitus may develop
trauma to ear what causes it? pain? itching? loss of hearing? discharge?
various events can cause temporary damage
ranges from sharp and steady pain to brief and severe
rarely causes itching
can cause loss of hearing
usually no discharge
Tinnitus what causes it? pain? itching? loss of hearing? discharge? other symptoms?
hearing disorders, blocking of outer ear canal, exposure to high noise levels, diseases, drugs may cause pain no itching can cause loss of hearing no discharge causes ringing in ear
excessive/impacted cerumen what causes it? pain? itching? loss of hearing? discharge? other symptoms?
overactive glands, obstructions rarely painful, dull pain if present no itching usually causes hearing loss no discharge sense of fullness or pressure in ears
what is otalgia? how should a pharmacist treat it?
ear pain, tell pt to see dr
what does EAC stand for?
external auditory canal
what is the only approved OTC treatment for earwax softening?
carbamide peroxide 6.5%
