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Pharm Practice II > Close-Outs Week 7 > Flashcards

Close-Outs Week 7 Flashcards

1
Q

if pt is experiencing mild, infrequent heartburn, what is the recommendation?
if pt sees no improvement, what else can they do?

A

lifestyle/dietary changes and-
antacid, low-dose H2RA, or combination of the two
use a PPI or see Dr

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2
Q

if pt is experiencing moderate, infrequent heartburn, what is the recommendation?
if pt sees no improvement, what else can they do?

A

lifestyle/dietary changes and-
antacid or high-dose H2RA
use a PPI or see Dr

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3
Q

if pt is experiencing heartburn 2 or more times a week, what is the recommendation?

A

lifestyle/dietary changes and-

PPI daily for 14 days or H2RA as needed

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4
Q

what are notable exclusions for self-treatment of heartburn?

A
  • HB lasting more than 3 months
  • Severe HB or dyspepsia
  • HB at night
  • Difficulty/pain swallowing solid foods
  • unexplained weight loss
  • wheezing, coughing, choking
  • continuous nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea
  • chest pain with sweating, shortness of breath
  • adults over 45 with new-onset dyspepsia
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5
Q

patient should not exceed __ days of self-treatment with a PPI and should not use again for __ months

A

14, 4

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6
Q

patient should not exceed __ days of self-treatment with an antacid or H2RA w/o consulting PCP

A

14

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7
Q

do not recommend bismuth subsalicylate to patients allergic to?

A

aspirin/salicylates

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8
Q

do not give calcium carbonate to pregnant woman taking prenatals because?

A

prenatals usually have calcium

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9
Q

antacid recommendation for heartburn: sodium bicarbonate
directions for use:
side effects:
do not use longer than __ consecutive days
if symptoms worsen over the next 14 days, what should you counsel patient:

A
  • dissolve 2 tablets in 4oz of water every 4 hours as needed
  • Nausea, bloating, or gas
  • 14
  • if symptoms persist contact dr
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10
Q

antacid recommendation for heartburn: calcium carbonate
directions for use:
side effects:
do not use longer than __ consecutive days
if symptoms worsen over the next 14 days, what should you counsel patient:

A
  • chew 2-4 tablets as needed
  • Nausea, bloating, or gas
  • 14
  • if symptoms persist contact dr
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11
Q

H2RA recommendation for heartburn: famotidine
directions for use:
side effects:
don’t take longer than:
counsel patient on symptoms worsening or not going away after 14 days:

A
  • 1 tablet with full glass of water, up to 2 tablets daily
  • Headache, constipation, or diarrhea
  • 14 days
  • if symptoms persist or worsen over 14 days contact dr
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12
Q

PPI recommendation for heartburn: omeprazole
directions for use:
side effects:
do not use again for _ months:
counsel if experiencing heartburn while on this medication or before the 4 month period:

A
  • 1 tab with a full glass of water 30 minutes before morning meal, take daily for 14 days
  • Headache or abdominal pain
  • 4 months
  • contact Dr if still experiencing heartburn after 14 days or heartburn comes back before 4 months
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13
Q

when evaluating a patient with constipation, what are the steps involved?

A
  • determine cause of constipation (food/drugs)
  • if prescription drug induced, contact Dr
  • if likely caused by food, recommend high fluid-fiber intake and inc exercise if needed
  • if fluid/fiber isn’t working, recommend a bulk former or hyper-osmotic
  • if OTC products don’t work, see Dr
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14
Q

exclusions for self-treatment of constipation:

A
  • fever
  • nausea/vomiting
  • chronic medical condition
  • laxative use
  • changes in bowel habits and weight loss
  • symptoms persisting over 2 weeks or recur within 3 months
  • anorexia
  • under 2 years old
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15
Q

when using bulk-forming laxatives, patients should be counseled to?

A

drink plenty of water with the laxative

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16
Q

how to insert an enema:

A
  • if administered by someone else, lay on left-side with knees bent or go into the knee-to-chest position
  • if you are administering, lay on back and bring knees to chest and raise your buttocks.
  • make sure enema tip is lubricated and the anal area as well
  • gently insert 2-3 inches into rectum
  • allow solution to flow into rectum slowly and retain it inside rectum for 1-5 minutes
17
Q

how to insert a suppository:

A
  • make sure it is firm enough to insert and cool it down
  • unwrap it and dip into lukewarm water for a few seconds
  • lay on left side with knees bent or go into the knee-to-chest position
  • relax buttocks before inserting and then insert
  • continue to lie down for a few minutes while holding the buttocks together
  • avoid a bowel movement for roughly an hour after insertion
18
Q 
recommended bulk-forming agent:
psyllium
directions for use:
time for effect:
do not use longer than:
side effects:
counsel point about fluids
A
  • swallow 5 capsules with 8oz of liquid (1 capsule at a time) up to 4 times a day
  • usually 12 to 72 hours
  • 7 days
  • Gas or stomach cramping
  • drink plenty of fluids while using
19
Q 
recommended hyperosmotic agent: polyethylene glycol
directions for use:
time for effect?
do not use longer than?
side effects?
A
  • 17g in 4-8oz of liquid once daily
  • may take 2 to 4 days
  • 14 days
  • Nausea, cramping, or gas
20
Q 
recommended emollient agent: docusate sodium
directions for use:
time for effect:
side effects:
do not use longer than:
A
  • 50-300mg qd
  • may take 1 to 2 days
  • Stomach pain, diarrhea, or cramping may occur
  • 7 days
21
Q

what is the best recommended otc product for constipation?

A

bulk-forming agents

22
Q

best products for quick relief of constipation?

A

bulk-forming agents

23
Q

best products for opioid caused constipation?

A

emollients

24
Q

best products for use after surgery and prevent straining?

A

emollients

25
Q

for pregnancy, what recommendations are given for constipation?

A

do not recommend OTC products. instruct pt to consume more fiber and drink more fluids. OTC medications are used if non-pharm doesnt work

26
Q

flaxseed is a good complementary therapy for?

A

constipation

Pharm Practice II (15 decks)

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