Close-Outs Week 1/2 Flashcards
acetaminophen
what adverse effect can be caused if too much is taken?
don’t mix this with?
for children younger than 12:
what is the weight based dosing/dosing interval for acetaminophen?
max amount per dose/how many doses per day?
maximum daily dose?
for 12 and older:
dosing/dosing interval?maximum daily dose?
side effects:
- hepatotoxicity
- alcohol, warfarin
- 10-15 mg/kg q 4-6h
- 480mg up to 5 doses
- DNE 2400mg/day
- 325-1000mg q 4-6h
- DNE 3000mg
- usually none
ibuprofen do not use long-term if you have? (heart) don't mix this with? what should you take it with? for children younger than 12: what is the weight based dosing/dosing interval? how many doses per day? maximum daily dose? for 12 and older: dosing/dosing interval? maximum daily dose? side effects:
- heart disease or risk of heart disease, hypertension
- alcohol, warfarin, heart/bp meds
- take with food
- 5-10 mg/kg q 6-8h
- 300mg up to 4 doses
- DNE 1200mg/day
- 200-400mg q 4-6h
- DNE 1200mg
- dizziness or drowsiness
aspirin directions for use: uses? avoid use if patient has? don't mix with? not for use in children under? side effects:
- 325-1000mg q 4-6h, DNE 4000mg
- pain reliever, inflammation, fever reducer, arthritis
- platelet/bleeding disorder, HBP, asthma
- alcohol, warfarin, heart/bp meds
- 18 years old
- may cause upset stomach
for topical medications, what are the important factors not to apply them to?
Do not apply to broken skin, do not apply heat or tight
bandages, do not get in eyes
menthol gel
directions for use:
uses?
apply up to 3-4 times/day
arthritis, pain, injury
Diclofenac 1% gel
directions for use:
use?
2g 4 times a day
arthritis pain relief
Steps to make a recommendation for a patient complaining about a headache:
- assess pt & pain, obtain medical & med history, ask about attempted treatments
- If pt falls under any of the exclusions for self-treatment give them a medical referral
IF THEY DON’T ->
3. if using pain meds for HAs more than 3x/wk decrease use over a few days. if HA persists see Dr
IF THEY DON’T ->
4. If pt has diagnosed migraines or symptoms typical of sinus or episodic tension-type HA recommend appropariate nonpharm/pharm therapy
-> if not, refer to Dr.
what are the exclusions for self-treatment for a headache (when you should give pt a medical referral)
continuous, worsening HAs
HA persists for 10 days w/ or w/o treatment
under 8 y/o
neck stiffness
last trimester of pregnancy
new headache during pregnancy
history of liver disease or has over 3 alcoholic drinks daily
Tension-Type Headache Location: Feeling: Intensity: Onset: Duration: Aggravators: Non-headache symptoms:
bilateral tightening, pressing, constricting mild-moderate gradual onset 30 min to 7 days stress, anxiety scalp tenderness, neck pain and muscle tension
Migraine Headache Location: Feeling: Intensity: Onset: Duration: Aggravators: Non-headache symptoms:
usually unilateral throbbing, pulsating moderate-severe sudden onset 4-72 hrs physical activity, light, sound nausea, vomiting, aura
Sinus Headache Location: Feeling: Intensity: Onset: Duration: Aggravators: Non-headache symptoms:
face, forehead, or periorbital area (eyebrow level)
pressure behind eyes or face, dull and bilateral pain
mild-severe
simultaneous with sinus symptoms
days (resolves with sinus symptoms
nasal congestion
nasal congestion, nasal discharge
Steps to make a recommendation for a patient complaining about a fever:
- ask if temp has been taken, take temp
- obtain symptom info, med history, allergy info
- If pt falls under any of the exclusions for self-treatment give them a medical referral
IF THEY DON’T -> - if temp over 100.1 recommend non-pharm/pharm therapies
IF UNDER 100.1 -> - if patient is under 2 y/o and fever has been there over 24 hours contact De
- if patient over age of 2, if fever has not resolved after 3 days see Dr
what are the exclusions for self-treatment for a fever (when you should give pt a medical referral)
severe symptoms of infection child with spots/rash child refuses to drink fluids child who is very sleepy child with temp over 104 child with stiff neck
Myalgia Location: Signs: Symptoms: Onset: Modifying factors:
muscles of body
possible swelling (rare)
dull, constant ache, weakness and fatigue of muscles
varies: acute trauma
stretching, rest, heat, forms of analgesics
Tendonitis Location: Signs: Symptoms: Onset: Modifying factors:
tendons around joints
warmth, swelling, erythema (patches of red skin)
mild-severe pain, usually after using tendon, loss of range of motion
often gradual onset, but may develop suddenly
stretching, rest, ice, forms of analgesics
