Close-Outs Week 4

Question 1

what is a good OTC product to treat dry eye disease?

Answer 1

artificial tear products

Question 2

what’s a good nonpharmacologic therapy for allergic conjunctivitis?

Answer 2

cold compression of the eyes to reduce redness and itching

Question 3

what is the first-line OTC product to treat allergic conjunctivitis? what should be recommended if they do not work?

Answer 3

artificial tear products

antihistamines

Question 4

what other class of drug is always combined with antihistamines for treatment of the eye?

Answer 4

decongestants

Question 5

External otitis (swimmer's ear)
what causes it?
pain?
itching?
loss of hearing?
discharge?
other symptoms?

Answer 5

local trauma to outer portion of ear caused by excessive moisture or abrasions; could be due to fungal/bacterial infections
acute onset of pain, ranges from mild to severe, increases with movement
does cause itching
occasional loss of hearing
occasional discharge
swollen ear canal, stuffiness, swollen lymph nodes, fever

Question 6

Otitis media
what causes it?
pain?
itching?
loss of hearing?
discharge?
other symptoms?

Answer 6

bacterial infection of middle ear, usually following an upper resp. tract infection
sharp, steady, frequent pain occurring unilaterally. does not increase w/ movement
no itching
hearing sometimes decreased
possible discharge
bulging eardrum. swollen lymph nodes, fever, dizziness

Question 7

foreign object in ear
what causes it?
pain?
itching?
loss of hearing?
discharge?
other symptoms?

Answer 7

misc. objects/insects
dull-severe pain w/ sense of fullness or pressure during chewing
causes itching
causes loss of hearing
possible discharge
if not removed, acute otitis externa and tinnitus may develop

Question 8

trauma to ear
what causes it?
pain?
itching?
loss of hearing?
discharge?

Answer 8

various events can cause temporary damage
ranges from sharp and steady pain to brief and severe
rarely causes itching
can cause loss of hearing
usually no discharge

Question 9

excessive/impacted cerumen
what causes it?
pain?
itching?
loss of hearing?
discharge?
other symptoms?

Answer 9

overactive glands, obstructions
rarely painful, dull pain if present
no itching
usually causes hearing loss
no discharge
sense of fullness or pressure in ears

Question 10

mineral oil, white petrolatum, and lanolin
drug class?
purpose?
uses?

Answer 10

lubricant ointments
eye lubricant
dry eye relief

Question 11

Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, Carboxymethylcellulose, Polyvinyl alcohol, Povidone, glycerin, and dextran are all examples of?
what is unique about Dextran?

Answer 11

lubricants for dry eyes

its used with other lubricants to extend retention time

Question 12

oxymetazoline eye drops
drug class
dosing

Answer 12

decongestant

1-2 drops every 6 hours

Question 13

olopatadine, ketotifen, antazoline, and pheniramine are all examples of?

Answer 13

antihistamines

Question 14

how to administer eye drops:

Answer 14

• wash hands and area around eyes
• tilt head back (if child have them lie down)
• grasp lower eye lid and pull it down
• before applying, look up
• once drop is in release the eyelid and close eye for 3 minutes and look down
• wait 5 minutes before administering another drop

Question 15

isopropyl alcohol is a treatment for?

Answer 15

water-clogged ears

Question 16

Carbamide peroxide is a treatment for?

Answer 16

impacted cerumen (earwax remover)

Question 17

counseling for eye drops: glycerin

Answer 17

• wash hands first
• (counsel administration of eye drop protocol)
• squeeze out 1 to 2 drops, look down and close eye for 2 minutes

Question 18

if needing to use antihistamine/decongestant, counseling for use: ketotifen and oxymetazoline

Answer 18

ketotifen: instill twice a day 8-12 hours a part around the same time each day
oxymetazoline: instill 1-2 drops every 6 hours
- do not use longer than 72 hours
- avoid use in patients with hypertension

Question 19

if patient has allergic conjunctivitis, what is the counseling recommendation if they don't want drops: cetirizine
dosing:
time for effect:
side effects:
counseling point:

Answer 19

• take one tablet at the same time each day
• make take a couple hours to work
• Drowsiness and dry mouth may occur
• avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until they know how the medication effects them