Week 4 Lecture Flashcards
Diabetic retinopathy
how is it diagnosed?
what are the two forms?
risk factors?
retina examination
non-proliferative and proliferative
poorly controlled blood sugar, the longer you have the disease, hypertension, smoking, gestational diabetes
how does Non-Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy occur?
Chronic hyperglycemia leads to microvascular damage of retinal blood vessels
how does Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy occur?
retina deprived of oxygen and fragile new vessels grow in retina
Symptoms of Diabetic Retinopathy?
blurred vision, difficulty seeing at night
what surgical treatment is there for Diabetic Retinopathy?
laser surgery
what is glaucoma?
what are the two types?
increased intraocular pressure leading to damaged optic nerve causing loss of vision
open-angle, closed angle
how is glaucoma commonly diagnosed?
eye pressure check
what is the most common initial glaucoma treatment?
latanoprost
what drug class is typically used for glaucoma treatment?
prostaglandin analogs
what drug class is typically used for adjunct therapy for glaucoma?
beta blockers
what happens when you have cataracts?
how is it diagnosed?
Lens proteins denature and become less transparent
slit lamp examination
Cataract Symptoms?
vision becomes cloudy, difficult to see in low lighting
best way to prevent cataracts?
UV protection
Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)
two forms?
which is more severe?
which is more common?
wet and dry
wet
dry
what happens in dry AMD?
Tissue of macula gradually becomes thin and stops
working
