Close-Outs Week 5 Flashcards
what is phenylephrine HCl?
is it recommended for children?
if not, how old should old should child be?
oral tablet for nasal decongestant
safe for children
what is pseudoephedrine?
is it recommended for children?
if not, how old should old should child be?
oral tablet for nasal decongestant
yes
what is oxymetazoline spray?
is it recommended for children? if so, what age?
what concentration is safe for children under 6?
nasal drop/spray decongestant
yes, but not recommended for children under 6
0.025%
what is phenylephrine?
is it recommended for children? if so, how old?
nasal drop/spray decongestant
yes, but not recommended for children under 6
what drug class are dextromethorphan and Diphenhydramine?
Antitussive/cough suppressant
dyclonine, phenol, menthol and benzocaine are all found in?
lozenges and sprays for sore throat
allergic rhinitis: symptoms? (bilateral or unilateral) sneezing? rhinorrhea? pruritus of eyes, nose and/or palate? nasal obstruction? conjunctivitis? (red eyes) pain? anosmia (loss of smell)? epistaxis (nose bleed)?
- bilateral, worse in morning, subsides during day, may worsen at night
- frequent, may have a “sneeze attack”
- watery, runny nose
- frequent
- variable
- frequent
- possible sinus pain due to congestion
- rare
- rare
nonallergic rhinitis: symptoms? (bilateral or unilateral) sneezing? rhinorrhea? pruritus of eyes, nose and/or palate? nasal obstruction? conjunctivitis? (red eyes) pain? anosmia (loss of smell)? epistaxis (nose bleed)?
- usually unilateral, but can be bilateral, constant day and night
- little or none
- watery or thick (mucusy) postnasal drip
- none
- usually present and severe
- none
- variable
- frequent
- recurrent
drug-induced causes of nonallergic rhinitis?
cocaine, beta blockers, ACEIs, oral contraceptives, aspirin, NSAIDs, overuse topical decongestants
traumatic causes of nonallergic rhinitis?
recent facial/head trauma
what is the most effective pharmacological treatment for most symptoms of allergic rhinitis?
intranasal corticosteroids (INCS)
what are the 4 different INCS’s?
budesonide
fluticasone furoate
fluticasone propionate
triamcinolone acetonide
exclusions for self treatment for allergic rhinitis?
children under 12 pregnant/lactating women symptoms of nonallergic rhinitis symptoms of other infections symptoms of undiagnosed or uncontrolled asthma severe side effects of treatment
how old should a child be before using budesonide?
6
how old should a child be before using fluticasone furoate?
2
how old should a child be before using fluticasone propionate?
4
how old should a child be before using triamcinolone acetonide?
2
what are the 4 antitussives?
codeine
dextrometorphan
diphenhydramine
chlophedianol hydrochloride
exclusions for self-treatment for cough?
Difficulty breathing coughing blood weight loss night sweats cough worsens after 3-5 days does not subside in 2-3 wks child under 4 high temp whooping cough cough w/o fever
what drug class are Diphenhydramine, Doxylamine, Chlorpheniramine, and Brompheniramine?
First generation oral antihistamines
what drug class are Loratadine, Fexofenadine, Cetirizine, and Levocetirizine
Second generation oral antihistamines
what drug class is Cromolyn sodium
mast cell stabilizer
Guaifenesin is considered an?
what is it good to use for?
Expectorant
mucus in chest and throat, will help clear mucus
what non-pharm treatment can you do for a stuffy nose?
Sodium chloride nasal rinse
honey is good for?
sore throat
if recommending a second generation antihistamine, what’s an important counseling point?
may cause drowsiness, tell pt to avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until they know how the medication effects them
patients should avoid decongestants if they have what diagnosis?
hypertension
if patient has suspected allergic rhinitis, what is the best counseling recommendation: fluticasone propionate counsel how to use: directions: counsel on time for effect: side effects?
- gently blow nose and shake bottle before use and prime it the first time
- spray 1 to 2 sprays into each nostril
- may take several days for full effect
- nausea, headache, fatigue
if patient has suspected allergic rhinitis, what is the counseling recommendation if they need something to work quickly: oxymetazoline spray counsel how to use: how many sprays per day: do not use longer than: side effects? avoid use if pt has:
- gently blow nose, insert tip of bottle into nostril and spray once into each nostril
- do not use more than two sprays in each nostril in 24 hours
- do not use longer than 3 days
- headache, nasal stinging/burning
- cvd, hypertension, glaucoma
if patient has suspected allergic rhinitis, what is the counseling recommendation if they don't want a spray: cetirizine dosing: time for effect: side effects: counseling point:
- take one tablet at the same time each day
- make take a couple hours to work
- Drowsiness and dry mouth may occur
- avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until they know how the medication effects them
if patient has a cold and is looking for a decongestant: oxymetazoline spray counsel steps to use: sprays per day: do not use longer than: side effects? avoid use if pt has?
- gently blow nose, insert tip of bottle into nostril, spray once into each nostril
- do not use more than two sprays in each nostril in 24 hours
- do not use longer than 3 days
- headache, nasal burning, stinging
- cvd, hypertension, glaucoma
if patient has a cough, what is the counseling recommendation: dextromethorphan cough syrup and cough drops containing menthol or benzocaine directions: side effects? counsel point: avoid using?
- take every 4 to 12 hours as needed
- may cause slight drowsiness/dizziness, nausea, or vomiting
- Do not drive, use machinery, or do anything that needs alertness until you can do it safely
- avoid alcohol
if patient has build-up mucus, what is the counseling recommendation: guaifenesin
dosing directions?
side effects?
- 200-400mg q4h with a full glass of water
- nausea/vomiting, dizziness,diarrhea
