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Pharm Practice II > Close-Outs Week 5 > Flashcards

Close-Outs Week 5 Flashcards

1
Q

what is phenylephrine HCl?
is it recommended for children?
if not, how old should old should child be?

A

oral tablet for nasal decongestant

safe for children

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2
Q

what is pseudoephedrine?
is it recommended for children?
if not, how old should old should child be?

A

oral tablet for nasal decongestant

yes

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3
Q

what is oxymetazoline spray?
is it recommended for children? if so, what age?
what concentration is safe for children under 6?

A

nasal drop/spray decongestant
yes, but not recommended for children under 6
0.025%

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4
Q

what is phenylephrine?

is it recommended for children? if so, how old?

A

nasal drop/spray decongestant

yes, but not recommended for children under 6

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5
Q

what drug class are dextromethorphan and Diphenhydramine?

A

Antitussive/cough suppressant

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6
Q

dyclonine, phenol, menthol and benzocaine are all found in?

A

lozenges and sprays for sore throat

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7
Q 
allergic rhinitis:
symptoms? (bilateral or unilateral)
sneezing?
rhinorrhea?
pruritus of eyes, nose and/or palate?
nasal obstruction?
conjunctivitis? (red eyes)
pain?
anosmia (loss of smell)?
epistaxis (nose bleed)?
A
  • bilateral, worse in morning, subsides during day, may worsen at night
  • frequent, may have a “sneeze attack”
  • watery, runny nose
  • frequent
  • variable
  • frequent
  • possible sinus pain due to congestion
  • rare
  • rare
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8
Q 
nonallergic rhinitis:
symptoms? (bilateral or unilateral)
sneezing?
rhinorrhea?
pruritus of eyes, nose and/or palate?
nasal obstruction?
conjunctivitis? (red eyes)
pain?
anosmia (loss of smell)?
epistaxis (nose bleed)?
A
  • usually unilateral, but can be bilateral, constant day and night
  • little or none
  • watery or thick (mucusy) postnasal drip
  • none
  • usually present and severe
  • none
  • variable
  • frequent
  • recurrent
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9
Q

drug-induced causes of nonallergic rhinitis?

A

cocaine, beta blockers, ACEIs, oral contraceptives, aspirin, NSAIDs, overuse topical decongestants

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10
Q

traumatic causes of nonallergic rhinitis?

A

recent facial/head trauma

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11
Q

what is the most effective pharmacological treatment for most symptoms of allergic rhinitis?

A

intranasal corticosteroids (INCS)

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12
Q

what are the 4 different INCS’s?

A

budesonide
fluticasone furoate
fluticasone propionate
triamcinolone acetonide

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13
Q

exclusions for self treatment for allergic rhinitis?

A 
children under 12
pregnant/lactating women
symptoms of nonallergic rhinitis
symptoms of other infections
symptoms of undiagnosed or uncontrolled asthma
severe side effects of treatment
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14
Q

how old should a child be before using budesonide?

A

6

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15
Q

how old should a child be before using fluticasone furoate?

A

2

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16
Q

how old should a child be before using fluticasone propionate?

A

4

17
Q

how old should a child be before using triamcinolone acetonide?

A

2

18
Q

what are the 4 antitussives?

A

codeine
dextrometorphan
diphenhydramine
chlophedianol hydrochloride

19
Q

exclusions for self-treatment for cough?

A 
Difficulty breathing
coughing blood
weight loss
night sweats
cough worsens after 3-5 days
does not subside in 2-3 wks
child under 4
high temp
whooping cough
cough w/o fever
20
Q

what drug class are Diphenhydramine, Doxylamine, Chlorpheniramine, and Brompheniramine?

A

First generation oral antihistamines

21
Q

what drug class are Loratadine, Fexofenadine, Cetirizine, and Levocetirizine

A

Second generation oral antihistamines

22
Q

what drug class is Cromolyn sodium

A

mast cell stabilizer

23
Q

Guaifenesin is considered an?

what is it good to use for?

A

Expectorant

mucus in chest and throat, will help clear mucus

24
Q

what non-pharm treatment can you do for a stuffy nose?

A

Sodium chloride nasal rinse

25
Q

honey is good for?

A

sore throat

26
Q

if recommending a second generation antihistamine, what’s an important counseling point?

A

may cause drowsiness, tell pt to avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until they know how the medication effects them

27
Q

patients should avoid decongestants if they have what diagnosis?

A

hypertension

28
Q 
if patient has suspected allergic rhinitis, what is the best counseling recommendation: fluticasone propionate
counsel how to use:
directions:
counsel on time for effect:
side effects?
A
  • gently blow nose and shake bottle before use and prime it the first time
  • spray 1 to 2 sprays into each nostril
  • may take several days for full effect
  • nausea, headache, fatigue
29
Q 
if patient has suspected allergic rhinitis, what is the counseling recommendation if they need something to work quickly: oxymetazoline spray
counsel how to use:
how many sprays per day:
do not use longer than:
side effects?
avoid use if pt has:
A
  • gently blow nose, insert tip of bottle into nostril and spray once into each nostril
  • do not use more than two sprays in each nostril in 24 hours
  • do not use longer than 3 days
  • headache, nasal stinging/burning
  • cvd, hypertension, glaucoma
30
Q 
if patient has suspected allergic rhinitis, what is the counseling recommendation if they don't want a spray:  cetirizine
dosing:
time for effect:
side effects:
counseling point:
A
  • take one tablet at the same time each day
  • make take a couple hours to work
  • Drowsiness and dry mouth may occur
  • avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until they know how the medication effects them
31
Q 
if patient has a cold and is looking for a decongestant: oxymetazoline spray
counsel steps to use:
sprays per day:
do not use longer than:
side effects?
avoid use if pt has?
A
  • gently blow nose, insert tip of bottle into nostril, spray once into each nostril
  • do not use more than two sprays in each nostril in 24 hours
  • do not use longer than 3 days
  • headache, nasal burning, stinging
  • cvd, hypertension, glaucoma
32
Q 
if patient has a cough, what is the counseling recommendation: dextromethorphan cough syrup and cough drops containing menthol or benzocaine
directions:
side effects?
counsel point:
avoid using?
A
  • take every 4 to 12 hours as needed
  • may cause slight drowsiness/dizziness, nausea, or vomiting
  • Do not drive, use machinery, or do anything that needs alertness until you can do it safely
  • avoid alcohol
33
Q

if patient has build-up mucus, what is the counseling recommendation: guaifenesin
dosing directions?
side effects?

A
  • 200-400mg q4h with a full glass of water

- nausea/vomiting, dizziness,diarrhea

Pharm Practice II (15 decks)

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