Week 4 Futato Ch 28-29 PIEL Verbs

Question 1

Classify the four main types of Hebrew verbs

Answer 1

Qal - Active, Light
Piel - Active, Intensive
Hiphil - Active, Causitive
Niphil - Passive/Reflexive, Light

Hithpael RI; Pual PI; Hophal PC

Question 2

Overview: What should we know about Qal verbs?

Answer 2

• Translated active/light - normal form
• perfect identified by suffixes ah-tah-t-tiy, u-tem-ten-nu; typical 1Rv qamets except 2mp/2fp which is sheva
• imperfect has prefixes yi-ti-ti-ti-e, yi-ti-ti-ti-ni; theme vowel action verbs holem; stative verbs patakh
• Ptc 1Rv either holem or holem-vav, has suffix for mp, fs, fp (iym-et/ah-ot) ms no suffix
• Inf const is the impf with prefix removed (eh-oh)
• Inf abs has 1Rv qamets, 2Rv holem-vav (ah-oh)

Question 3

Overview: What should we know about Piel verbs?

Answer 3

• Translated active/intensive
• identified by dagesh in 2R
• WCI has NO dagesh after vav-patakh
• Ptc have mem-sheva preformative on the root

Question 4

Overview: What should we know about Hiphil verbs?

Answer 4

• Translated active/causitive
• Perfect is identified by preformative He _ _ _ ה
• WCI 2Rv is tsere _ ֵ _ וַ
• All other forms have 2Rv = hireq-yod _ י ִ _

Question 5

Overview: What should we know about Niphil verbs?

Answer 5

• Translated pass or reflex/light
• Perfect and participles have preformative nun _ _ _ נ
• WCI 2Rv is tsere _ ֵ _ וַ
• Niphal right triangle elsewhere (infix):

Question 6

How is Piel perfect different from Qal perfect?

Answer 6

• usually translated more intense and/or have a DO when qal would not
• 1Rv usually hireq
• has dagesh in 2R unless it is a gutteral (so 1Rv lengthens to tsere) and may not have dagesh if 2Rv = sheva

Question 7

How is Piel imperfect different from Qal imperfect?

Answer 7

• usually translated more intense and/or have** have a DO** when qal would not
• Pv = sheva (not hireq) ye-te-te-te-a, ye-te-te-te-ne
• 1Rv patakh
• 2R = doubled (dagesh) - can be missing if appears with a sheva

Question 8

How is Piel participle different from Qal ptc?

Answer 8

• has preformative mem-sheva
• Piel ptc has same form as a Piel imperfect w/o prefix, but with preformative mem
• 1Rv patakh
• 2R doubled (dagesh)

Question 9

What are the marks of the Piel WCI?

Answer 9

• Since the preformative takes a sheva in the Piel impf, its WCI 1R has NO dagesh

Question 10

Piel Perfect of II-Resh verbs and other II-Gut

Answer 10

• Dagesh under resh travels, so tsere is 1Rv, not hireq
• If a sheva would be under 2R, because it is a gutteral, it will be a composite sheva
• If 2R is gutteral other than resh, dagesh just disappears, so it displays virtual doubling

Question 11

Translate:

Answer 11

he will speak

piel verb imperfect

Question 12

Translate:

Answer 12

(and) he spoke

piel verb WCI