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Hebrew > Ch 14 Futato - Qal Perfect and Imperfect: Weak Roots > Flashcards

Ch 14 Futato - Qal Perfect and Imperfect: Weak Roots Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two types of verb roots?

A

strong
weak

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2
Q

Which type of verb root varies from the standard paradigm?

A

weak roots - they are “irregular”

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3
Q

In what two ways are weak roots designated?

A

location of the weakness (which root letter)
the nature of the weakness

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4
Q

What does “II Gutteral verb” tell us?

A

The nature of the weakness is that there is a gutteral causing a change from the normal paradigm, and the Roman numeral identifies it as being in the 2nd root position.

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5
Q

What does “III Alef verb” tell us?

A

The nature of the weakness is that there is an alef causing a change from the normal paradigm, and the Roman numeral identifies it as being in the 3rd root position.

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6
Q

When a gutteral is in the 1st root position, instead of changing to a sheva when an afformative is added, what does the gutteral’s vowel change to?

A

It will change to a complex sheva, either:

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7
Q

In what three ways does the qal imperfect of a I Gutteral vary from the standard paradigm?

A
  1. sheva under 1st letter replaced with khatef-patakh or khatef-segol
  2. vowel under prefix will match the short vowel of the complex sheva
  3. in only the 2fs, 3mp, and 2mp, the first sheva becomes patakh (instead of a complex sheva)
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8
Q

Why do we study III-Alef verbs
separately from III-Gut verbs?

A

When a verb root ends in alef, the alef closes a syllable, and the alef is silent, so it differs from what happens with other gutterals. For example, in the qal perfect:
- there is no sheva written under the alef
- the expected patakh preceding it lengthens to qamets
- when afformatives beginning with tav are added, the tav is preceeded by a vowel (since the alef is silent), so the weak dagesh is lost from the tav.

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9
Q

What is the theme vowel in the Qal imperfect for III-Alef verbs?

A

Since Alef is a gutteral, the theme vowel is “a” class.
(NOT holem)

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10
Q

How do III-Alef verbs vary from the qal-imperfect standard paradigm?

A
  • theme vowel is “a” class
  • compensatory lengthening of theme vowel to qamets before the silent alef
  • exception: in the 3fp and 2fp (with afformative nun-qamets-he), instead of a patakh that changes to qamets, the 2nd root vowel gets a segol
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11
Q

Translate:

A

you all (f) stood

I-Gutteral perfect

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12
Q

Translate:

A

you all (m) stood

I-Gutteral perfect

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13
Q

Translate:

A

he will stand

I-Gutteral imperfect

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14
Q

Translate:

A

she will stand OR
you (ms) will stand

I-Gutteral imperfect

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15
Q

Translate:

A

you (fs) will stand

I-Gutteral imperfect

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16
Q

Translate

A

I will stand

I-Gutteral imperfect

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17
Q

Translate:

A

they (m) will stand

I-Gutteral imperfect

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18
Q

Translate:

A

they will stand OR
you all will stand
(both femine)

I-Gutteral imperfect

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19
Q

Translate:

A

you all (m) will stand

I-Gutteral imperfect

20
Q

Translate:

A

we will stand

I-Gutteral imperfect

21
Q

Translate:

A

he will eat

I-Alef imperfect

22
Q

Translate:

A

she will eat OR
you (ms) will eat

I-Alef imperfect

23
Q

Translate:

A

you (fs) will eat

I-Alef imperfect

24
Q

Translate:

A

I will eat

I-Alef imperfect

25
Q

Translate:

A

they (m) will eat

I-Alef imperfect

26
Q

Translate:

A

they will eat OR
you all will eat
(both femine)

I-Alef imperfect

27
Q

Translate:

A

you all (m) will eat

I-Alef imperfect

28
Q

Translate:

A

we will eat

I-Alef imperfect

29
Q

Translate

A

he found

III-Alef perfect

30
Q

Translate:

A

she found

III-Alef perfect

31
Q

Translate:

A

you (ms) found

III-Alef perfect

32
Q

Translate:

A

you (fs) found

III-Alef perfect

33
Q

Translate:

A

I found

III-Alef perfect

34
Q

Translate:

A

they found

III-Alef perfect

35
Q

Translate:

A

you all (m) found

III-Alef perfect

36
Q

Translate:

A

you all (f) found

III-Alef perfect

37
Q

Translate:

A

we found

III-Alef perfect

38
Q

Translate:

A

he will find

III-Alef imperfect

39
Q

Translate:

A

she will find OR
you (ms) will find

III-Alef imperfect

40
Q

Translate:

A

you (fs) will find

III-Alef imperfect

41
Q

Translate:

A

I will find

III-Alef imperfect

42
Q

Translate:

A

they (m) will find

III-Alef imperfect

43
Q

Translate:

A

they will find OR
you all will find
(both femine)

III-Alef imperfect

44
Q

Translate:

A

you all (m) will find

III-Alef imperfect

45
Q

Translate

A

we will find

III-Alef imperfect

Hebrew (58 decks)

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