Week 4 Exam 1 Oxygen Flashcards
What are the main components of the airway?
Nasal passages, mouth, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, pharynx
Pharynx contains openings to the esophagus and trachea.
What is the function of the epiglottis?
Closes off the trachea during swallowing
Prevents fluids from entering the lower airway.
Define ventilation.
The movement of air into and out of the lungs while breathing.
What is respiration?
The exchange of gases in the lungs.
List factors influencing ventilation.
- Respiratory rate and depth
- Lung elasticity
- Lung compliance
- Airway resistance
- Hypoxemia
- Hypoxia
What is hypoxemia?
Low level of oxygen in blood.
What is hypoxia?
Low level of oxygen in tissues.
What are common factors affecting respiration?
- Pleural effusions
- Pneumothorax
- Asthma
- Damaged alveoli
What is atelectasis?
Collapse of alveoli leading to impaired gas exchange.
What are some issues related to infants affecting pulmonary function?
- Premature alveoli development
- Lack of surfactant
- Hypercarbia
- Apnea
Identify lifestyle factors affecting oxygenation in adults.
- Unhealthy behaviors
- Changes in organ efficiency
- Stress
- Smoking
- Obesity
True or False: Smoking can lead to obstructive sleep apnea.
True.
What are the signs and symptoms of tuberculosis (TB)?
- Blood sputum
- Weight loss
- Fatigue
- Night sweats
What is the purpose of bronchodilators?
Release smooth muscles in lining of airways.
What are the components of nursing assessment for oxygenation?
- Health history
- Physical exam
- Breathing pattern
- Sputum color
What is included in diagnostic testing for oxygenation?
- Sputum samples
- Skin testing
- Pulse oximetry
- Pulmonary function tests
What does ABG stand for?
Arterial Blood Gas.
What is the normal range for PO2 in healthy adults?
80-100 mmHg.
Fill in the blank: The amount of oxygen already bound to hemoglobin is called _______.
SaO2.
What nursing diagnoses are associated with impaired respirations?
- Ineffective Tissue Perfusion
- Impaired Breathing Pattern
- Ineffective Airway Clearance
What are desired outcomes for a patient with oxygenation issues?
- No dyspnea reported
- Lungs clear
- O2Sat > 90%
- Breathing effort less labored
What interventions can be implemented to promote oxygenation?
- Provide oxygen
- Administer medications
- Prevent hospital-acquired pneumonia
- Promote immunization
What is the significance of peak expiratory flow rate?
Used in asthmatic patients to detect subtle changes.
What are the safety measures for oxygen therapy?
- Don’t smoke near oxygen
- Secure cylinders
- Avoid petroleum products
What is the purpose of chest physiotherapy?
To help clear secretions from the lungs.
What are the types of endotracheal airways?
- Orotracheal
- Nasotracheal
- Tracheostomy
What should be done to confirm placement of an endotracheal tube?
Use chest X-ray (CXR) and place a reference mark.
What is the role of a suctioning procedure in airway management?
To clear secretions from the airway.
What is the normal tidal volume for adults?
400-500 ml.
