Activity and Excercise Flashcards
What is defined as body movement?
Mobility
Mobility refers to the ability to move freely and easily.
What is the ability to carry out activities of daily living without fatigue?
Physical Fitness
Physical fitness encompasses various aspects of health and capability.
What is any bodily movement produced by the contraction of skeletal muscle that increases energy expenditure above baseline?
Physical Activity
Physical activity includes all movements that expend energy.
What is a planned, structured, repetitive and purposeful form of physical activity aimed at improving or maintaining physical fitness?
Exercise
Exercise is a subset of physical activity with specific goals.
What forms the framework of the body, protects internal organs, produces blood cells, and stores mineral salts?
Skeletal System
The skeletal system is crucial for various bodily functions.
Name the types of bones in the skeletal system.
- Long Bones
- Short Bones
- Flat Bones
- Irregularly Shaped Bones
Examples include femur (long), phalanges (short), sternum (flat), and vertebrae (irregular).
What connects most movable joints?
Ligaments
Ligaments are crucial for joint stability.
What are connective tissues that attach muscles to the bone?
Tendons
Tendons play a key role in movement.
What type of muscle occurs in the digestive tract and hollow structures like the bladder?
Smooth Muscle
Smooth muscle is involuntary and regulates internal processes.
What is the term used to describe the way we move our bodies?
Body Mechanics
Body mechanics involves the efficient and safe use of the body.
What is an important aspect of body mechanics that refers to the positioning of the body?
Body Alignment
Proper body alignment is essential for reducing injury risk.
What type of exercise uses large muscle groups and can be maintained continuously?
Aerobic Exercise
Examples include jogging and brisk walking.
What type of exercise occurs when muscles must obtain energy from metabolic pathways that do not use oxygen?
Anaerobic Exercise
Examples include sprinting and power lifting.
Fill in the blank: __________ exercise is an exercise in which muscle contraction occurs without motion.
Isometric
Isometric exercises can be performed without equipment.
What type of exercise involves movement of the joint during muscle contraction?
Isotonic Exercise
Examples include weight training and push-ups.
What is the term for exercise performed with specialized apparatuses that provide variable resistance to movement?
Isokinetic Exercise
This type of exercise typically involves machines.
What are the three modes of exercise?
- Endurance
- Resistance
- Flexibility
A balanced fitness program includes all three modes.
What is the duration of exercise?
The amount of time one is exercising.
Duration is a key factor in exercise effectiveness.
What does frequency in exercise refer to?
How often one is exercising.
Frequency is important for developing a consistent routine.
What does intensity refer to in the context of exercise?
How hard one is exercising.
Intensity affects the effectiveness of the workout.
What should individuals over 40 or with certain risk factors do before starting an exercise program?
Have a medical evaluation
This helps ensure safety when beginning exercise.
What is the recommended amount of physical activity for children and adolescents?
At least 1 hour of physical activity daily, at least 3 days per week
Most activity should be aerobic.
What are some benefits of exercise?
- Lowers risk of heart disease
- Reduces risk of type 2 diabetes
- Promotes weight loss
- Improves heart and lung function
Regular exercise has numerous health benefits.
What are some risks associated with exercise?
- Cardiac injury
- Musculoskeletal injury
- Dehydration
- Temperature regulation problems
Awareness of risks can help in planning safe exercise.
What factors can affect mobility and activity?
- Developmental Stage
- Obesity
- Chronic Diseases
- Lifestyle
- Environmental Factors
These factors can significantly influence a person’s activity level.
What is syndactylism?
The fusion of two or more fingers or toes
This is a congenital anomaly of the musculoskeletal system.
What is osteogenesis imperfecta?
A congenital disorder characterized by brittle bones that fracture easily
This condition affects bone and connective tissue.
What is the primary symptom of osteoarthritis?
Pain and stiffness
Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease.
What is the definition of activity intolerance?
A state in which a patient has insufficient physical or psychological energy to carry out daily activities
This diagnosis indicates a need for intervention.
What should be done to prevent orthostatic hypotension?
Apply compression socks, abdominal binders, and give certain medications
These measures help maintain blood pressure during movement.
What is the maximum movement possible at a joint called?
Range of Motion (ROM)
ROM is crucial for assessing joint health.
What is passive ROM?
Involves moving the joints through their ROM when the patient is unable to do so for themselves
This is often necessary for patients with limited mobility.
What can prolonged immobility cause?
Physiological and psychological changes in almost every body system
Immobility can lead to serious health issues.
Maintain proper posture/ avoid injury
SATA
Needs a patients what for mobility/ exercise
baseline
150 mins of week of exercise
What is scoliosis?
lateral curve of the spine
Gout
high uric acid
If patient falls….
don’t catch, lay them down
amputee can use transfer boards
Dont lift alone,
dont bend at waist, dont lock knees
