Week 4

Question 1

Albuterol

Answer 1

Albuterol BETA Agonist

Brand Proventil, Ventolin

MOA: Binds and stimulates beta 2 receptors; relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle; Bronchodilation

IND: bronchospasm, asthma, COPD exacerbation

CON: hypersensitivity, cardiac disorder, angioedema, arrhythmia, symptomatic tachycardia, xopenex hypersensitivity

Adverse: anxiety, tremor, N/V, palpitations, hyperglycemia, hypokalemia.

Dose/Route: 2.5-5 mg Neb. Every 20 minutes. Max 3 doses.
Pedi— 0.15mg/kg Neb every 20 min max 3 doses

Special: Class C pregnancy, monitor for arrhythmias.

Question 2

Levalbuterol

Answer 2

levalbuterol Sympathomimetic

Brand: Xopenex

MOA: Stimulates Beta 2 receptors; smooth muscle relaxer of the lungs, uterous, and vascular muscles

IND: Bronchospasm, prophylactic patient with asthma.

CON: hypersensitivity, Beta blocker use, angio edema, sensitivity to albuterol

Adverse: anxiety, tremors, N/V, palpitations, hyperglycemia, hypokalemia.

DOSE: 0.63mg Neb with 3 mL NS
Pedi: 0.31mg Neb with 3 mL NS
Acute exasterbation COPD 1.23-2.5 mg q25min

SPCL: Class C pregnancy

Question 3

Ipratropium bromide

Answer 3

ipratropium bromide Parasypatholitic

Brand: Atrovent

MOA: antagonizes acetylcholine receptors resulting in bronchodilation; dries secreations

IND: Bronchospasm, asthma, COPD exacerbation.

CON: hypersensivity, heart disease, GLAUCOMA, bladder neck obstruction.

Adverse: dehydration, throat irritation, palpitations, dizziness

Dose/Route: 0.5mg Neb q20 min
Pedi: 0.25mg Neb

Special: Class B pregnancy, not given as a sole med (mixed with albulterol), administered post Beta agonist.

Question 4

Duo- Neb

Answer 4

duo-neb combination bronchodilator

Brand: Combivent

MOA: Beta 2 agoinist causing bronchodiliation while antagonizing acetylcholine receptors. Inhibits parasympathetic stimulation

IND: 2nd line treatment; bronchospasm, asthma, COPD exacerbation.

CON: hypersensitivity, HTN, cardiac disorders, arrhythmias, heart disease. Symptomatic tachycardia

Adverse: anxiety, tremors, N/V, palpitations, throat irritation, dehydration, arrhythmias, headaches, tachycardia

Dose/Route: albuterol –2.5mg, ipratropium 0.5mg in 3mL NS.
Pedi—Not recommended

Special: Class C pregnancy. Applied every 4-6 hours. Caution with: DM, seizures, and cardiac disease.