week 15 Flashcards
Diphenhydramine
Diphenhydramine Antihistamine
Brand: Benadryl
MOA: Binds to H1 receptors & reversing histamine reactions
IND: allergic reactions, anaphylaxis, dystonia
CON: hypersensitivity, nursing mothers & premature/newborn infants, acute asthma cardiac history
Adverse: sedation, dizziness, drowsiness, nasal mucosa, dry mouth, headache, thickening of bronchial secretions, nausea, vomiting
Dose/Route: 25-50mg PO/IM/IV/IO
Ped(2-12y/o): 1-2 mg/kg PO/IM/IV/IO
Special Notes: Preggo C;ass B, used as ADJUNCT w/ epi, decreases alertness & psychomotor, may cause excitation in pediatrics
Metoclopramide
Metoclopramide Antiemetic
Brand: Reglan
MOA: Stimulates gut motility & promotes gastric emptying
IND: IV=nausea; PO=short term Tx for GERD, potentiates narcotics
CON: GI bleed, pheochromocytoma, hypersensitivity, epilepsy, seizure, anti-psychotics
Adverse: fluid retention, headache, fatigue, dystonia, hypo/hypertension, drowsiness, dizziness, respiratory depression
Dose/Route: Nausea/vomiting= 10mg IM/IV Acid reflux/Heart burn= 5mg PO Pedi: 0.25mg/kg Special Notes: Preggo class B, SLOW IV push, potentiates narcotics
Promethazine
Promethazine Anti-Emetic
Brand: Phenergan
MOA: Completely blocks histamine receptors in the GI tract, Blocks cholinergic receptors in the vomit centers, Increasec acetylcholine action on GI smooth muscles
IND: Nausea/vomiting, motion sickness, potentiation of effects of analgesics, sedation
CON: Pt’s who received large amounts of depressants, hypersensitivity
Adverse: Tachycardia, Bradycardia, dizziness, drowsiness, blurred vision, mental/physical impairment
Dose/Route: Adult 12.5-25 mg IV,IO,IM
Pedi 0.25-0.5 mg/kg IV,IO,IM
Specials: Pregnancy class B, given very slowly caustic on veins
Famotidine
Famotidine Histamine 2 Blocker
Brand: Pepcid
MOA: Decreases amount of stomach acid produced & secreted
IND: GERD, stomach ulcers, indigestion, allergic reactions
CON: hypersensitivity, impaired renal function, alcohol intolerance, use w/ caution in liver/renal disease & elderly
Adverse: headache, dizziness, diarrhea, constipation, AV block, seizures
Dose/Route: 20-60mg PO Tablet OR Teaspoon, IV/IO
Pedi: 0. 5-1mg/kg Tablet OR Teaspoon, IV/IO
Twice a day for up to 6 weeks
Special Notes: Preggo Class B
Prednisone
Prednisone Synthetic corticosteroid
MOA: decreases inflammation
IND: inflammation, respiratory inflammation disorders
CON: hypersensitivity, fungal infection, cushings syndrome, measles
Adverse: side effects occur w/ long term effects, decrease immune response
Dose/Route: Adult & Pedi doses individualized PO
Special Notes: Preggo Class C
