Week 4

Question 1

What is the primary goal in OT?

Answer 1

occupational performance

Question 2

What is “Functional ROM”?

Answer 2

• Refers to range needed to accomplish everyday activities
• Refers to the minimal range needed to perform in essential areas of occupation without the use of adaptive equipment.

Question 3

Wrist serves as a __________ of muscle activity for the flexors of the fingers.

Answer 3

modulator

Question 4

Our ability to grip an object tightly depends, to some degree, on our ability to ___________ the wrist

Answer 4

Extend

Question 5

The _________ connect to the bones of the forearm (radius and ulna).

Answer 5

carpals

Question 6

What are the primary functions of the hand?

Answer 6

grasping
- folding
- lifting
- seating
- sensation (temperature, discrimination)
- expression
- communication

Question 7

What percentage does the 1) hand play and 2) the thumb play in a person’s function?

Answer 7

Hand - 90%

Thumb - 40 - 50%

Question 8

What are some Imporant underlying components of fine motor movement?

Answer 8

1) Trunk control
2) Scapulo-humeral stability and mobility
3) Elbow, forearm, wrist control
4) Eye and head position
5) Thumb opposition
6) Finger isolation

Question 9

True or false: Mobility must be achieved before stability or controlled distal movements are possible

Answer 9

False

Stability must be achieved before mobility or controlled distal movements are possible

Question 10

What are ‘First movements” called?

Answer 10

“whole body” movements

Question 11

What are the Sub Skills of UE/Fine Motor Control

Answer 11

1. Reach
2. Grasp
3. Voluntary release
4. In-hand Manipulation
5. Bilateral hand use

Question 12

What is the transport phase?

Answer 12

bringing hand to an object to be grasped

Part of the sub skill of UE/fine motor control skill ‘Reach’

Question 13

What is the Sub Skills of UE/Fine Motor Control skill ‘Reach’ focus on?

Answer 13

The reaching component is concerned with bringing the hand to the object to be grasped

Question 14

What is the Sub Skills of UE/Fine Motor Control skill ‘Grasp’ focus on?

Answer 14

Movement patterns:

Whole hand: no grasp involved (e.g. pushing door)

Prehension movement pattern: thumb acts to stabilize, control direction, and adds power (reaching, grasping, carrying, releasing)

Manipulative prehension and precision: thumb and other fingers involved

Question 15

What are the 3 Basic Types of Prehension: Power?

Answer 15

Cylindric grasp

Spherical grasp

Hook grasp

Question 16

What are the 3 Basic Types of Prehension: Precision?

Answer 16

Fingertip prehension (pincer grasp, tip pinch)

Palmar prehension (tripod or three jaw chuck)

Lateral prehension (pad to side grip)

Question 17

What is the Sub Skills of UE/Fine Motor Control skill ‘Release’ focus on?

Answer 17

Voluntary release is intentionally letting go of an object in the hand at a specific place and time.

Babies: born with a grasp reflex

Voluntary release is fully developed only later – approx. 4 years old

Question 18

T/F: Babies are born with a grasp reflex

Answer 18

true

Question 19

What age is voluntary release fully developed at?

Answer 19

approx. 4 years old

Question 20

What is ‘in hand manipulation’?

Answer 20

The ability move and position objects within one hand without the assistance of the other hand

Question 21

What is ‘Bilateral manipulation’?

Answer 21

Using two hands together in order to accomplish an activity

Two ways:
Symmetrical: steering a bicycle
Asymmetrical: cutting paper

Question 22

What are the two ways of Bilateral Manipulation?

Answer 22

Symmetrical: steering a bicycle

Asymmetrical: cutting paper

Question 23

What is an important skill in relation to bilateral manipulation?

What age is it refined by?

Answer 23

Crossing the midline

Typically refined by age of 3-4 years improving through ages 4-9.

Question 24

What are the factors in ADL training and Evaluation?

Answer 24

1) Goals
2) Body structures and functions
3) Prognosis
4) Discharge environment
5) Potential for independence