Week 4 Flashcards
What is the role of the transportation model?
The transportation model can be used to determine willed and unwilled consequences of policies or improvement projects. It can also be used to analyze the current situation of a transport network, to compare solutions or to explore different scenario’s.
What is the difference between aggregated models and disaggregated models?
In aggregated models the zone is the unit of observation while in disaggregated models the focus lays on the individual traveler. - individual variation is used instead of zone averages
Describe the difference between spatial and non-spatial models.
In spatial models the spatial factor is an explicit component in the model, in the non spatial model this isn’t the case
Describe the difference between static and dynamic models
Static models capture data from one point in time: cross sectional data. While dynamic models take data from multiple points in time (longitudinal data), hence making it more dynamic
Decribe the difference between models based on revealed preference and stated preference
With revealed preference you let people themselves tell how they deal with certain things, like transport use. Patterns based on existing travel behavior can be distinguished. In stated preference there is a whole new, not yet existing thing/service over which people get asked questions.
Describe difference between models for travel and models for activities.
Models for travel only include a single individual trip. From one origin to a destination. While the activity-based models include the whole trip including all activities. It is interested in all the activities an individual engages in rather than one trip or one trip destination
Explain the difference between a descriptive model and a explanatory model using the terms correlation vs causality.
Correlation models/descriptive models show a specific correlation between two factors. The causal relationship isn’t known. Explanatory models with causality describe a factor that influences another factor. E.g. land use influences how cycling for transport can be done.
Describe the difference between models that do and do not include effects of transport on land use and on the economy
Models that do not use it vs models that do. Only right side of transport land use feedback side is used:
Models for passenger transport and freight transport. Give info
Most models deal with passenger transport. Data of freight is in many cases not available.
Which factor(s) of the transport land use feedback cycle do transport models not include?
Accessibility is not included, only the land use, activities and the transport system.
What effect do transport demand models not consider?
The effect of transport on land use.
Give two types of transport demand models.
Four step model: traditional aggregated or disaggregated.
And
Acitivity based models: disaggregated
Give the four stages of a four step transport demand model
Trip frequency: estimating the number of trips that will be generated in a given area.
Trip distribution: determines where the trips will go based on factors as the distance between origins and destinations
Modal split: estimates the proportion of trips that will be made with different transport modes
Trip assignment: assigns the trips to specific routes or paths based on the transportation network available
Name advantages of activity-based models for transportation policy analysis.
Improved capability for modeling non work non peak period travel which involves complex interactions in households
Improved capability to deal with trade offs between in home and out hone activities
Greater potential for moving beyond traditional explanatory variables
Greater potential for dealing with effects of household structure, life cycle stage, lifestyled etc on travel behavior
