Week 4 Flashcards
The ________ is a period of adjustments after the fall of the Roman empire.
medieval period
In the early beginning of Christianity, it is really not allowed to be ______
a Christian
Christians met in secret places like the ________ which were underground burial tunnels.
catacombs
In 313 AD Christianity was made legal by _______________ and it wasn’t long before Christianity started gaining ground and attracting more followers and in turned gained political power.
Emperor Constantine
was unique because its product was a mixture of European and Asian influence. These artworks were marked with heavily outlined figures painted with bright and vivid colors.
Byzantine Art
Small pieces of tiles made of glass or stone that are assembled to form images. These tiles are pressed on wet cement to keep it in place.
Mosaic
was an additional corridor that cuts across the nave and aisles transforming the rectangular plan to a cross-shaped building. (Early Medieval Architecture)
Transipt
The devote men of the _________ vowed their lives in quiet reflection and prayer. To attain this, the monasteries had to be built away in seclusion like in the slopes of the Rocky Mountains or deep in the forests.
Monestary
a part of the monastery, which is an open court surrounded with a covered pathway. This is used by the monks to contemplate and pray.
Cloister
Before the printing press, the monks from the monasteries copied the books by their hand. In addition to the duplication of the texts the monks added drawings and designs on the pages. These drawings were not just used to beautify the books it was also used to help illiterate understand the text. These illustrated books were especially useful in spreading and reinforcing Christian teachings.
Manuscript
It was symbols that represented a rich and powerful feudal family. The symbols used were representations of the families. The ____________ were of then drawn in a shield and decorated with banners, plumes, vines, etc. These __________ were an effective way to distinguish a clan from another.
Coat of Arms
Feudalism created insatiability in the political environment feudal lords constantly fought to gain or protect their lands.
Romanesque Period
The Romanesque buildings are characterized by the use of rounded arches and massive walls. The walls were needed to be solid to carry the weight of the roofs. Windows were few and small in buildings that follow this style.
Romanesque Architecture
Because of feud of families, castles were made of stones to fortify their lands. ___________ is also a way to announce their wealth and power to other feudal Lords. It was built with thick stone walls and very few and small windows. It had tower which serve as sentinels to guard against invading armies.
Castles
The source of wealth was no anymore limited to land ownership.
Trade and commerce became a source of income by many and cities formed around these businesses.
Threats from other land were still present so the cities were _______ with walls.
Fortified Cities
_______ with relics or the sacred remains of saint were even more popular believing that praying to the relics would increase the chances of having their petitions granted.
___________- was made bigger, they enlarge the nave and the transepts by adding additional aisles, a corridor that surrounds the apse.
Churches
Relief sculpture and free standing sculptures filled the churches. These sculptures were intended not only to decorate but also educate the devotees of the teachings from the bible or tell stories of the lives of the saints
ROMANESQUE SCULPTURE
Is the area above the arched doorway of the church.
It is a perfect place to put these sculptural works since the designer saw that the eye would naturally look up while entering the church.
Tympanum
Wall paintings also decorated the _________ church.
Painting style in this era is the use of thick and strong outlines filled with bright and vivid colors.
Paintings had little or no shading or gradation of color giving a flat appearance of the painting.
Romanesque (Romanesque Drawing and Painting)
Wealth was not anymore limited to the land rich but also the merchants with their business and trade.
People were becoming organized with people with similar skills and crafts grouped themselves and formed guilds.
Skills and techniques were passed down from the masters to the apprentices ensuring the survival of the guilds.
Churches had taller walls and more windows.
Gothic Period
The term “Gothic”,came from the word “________” –which was a barbaric tribe that help fell the Roman empire.
Goths
The characteristics of the architecture during this era can be summed as vertical.
Structures were taller and seemed to spiral in to the sky.
Buildings were illuminated through stained-glass windows a trademark of the era.
Gothic Architecture
Sculptures during the Gothic period are more _______ than in Romanesque.
Emotions are added in the facial features to make it more realistic and life-like.
Gothic sculptures were stretched, the statues were tip toeing, the vertical lines of the robes helped emphasize this feel.
realistic
The oldest complete stained glass windows were those of _________________________, constructed in the late 11 th century. The Medieval church funded most of the stained glass windows of the time. Abbot Suger of Saint Denis was a famous patron of stained glass art and lived just outside of Paris.
Augsburg Cathedral in Germany
The builders evolved the shaped of the arch instead of a round end they made it pointed, these _______________________ allowed taller buildings without increasing its base. (Gothic Architecture)
pointed arches
Second, the walls were supported by__________________ that minimized the weight of the roof being carried by the walls.
flying buttresses
Adding to the height of these churches and its vertical mood were long spear like appendages called _________
spires
