Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy > Week 3 Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves > Flashcards

Week 3 Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

Spinal Cord

A

Provides a vital link between the brain and rest of the body

Some functional independence from the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Spinal cord and attached spinal nerves serve two important functions

A
  1. Pathway for sensory and motor impulses

2. Responsible for reflexes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Peripheral processes

A

Information back from the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Afferent Input

A

Sensory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Efferent Output

A

Motor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Anatomy of the spinal cord

A

Long flattened cylinder
2 enlargements: cervical, lumbar
31 pairs of spinal nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

2 spinal cord enlargements

A

Cervical and lumbar

-of neural tissue, so has large territory/area it has to supply

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

31 pairs of spinal nerves

A

Almost everything is bilateral. Even nose, kidneys, trunk etc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

CNS at 3 months old

A

Cervical and lumbar enlargements visible

Spinal cord portion of CNS well-distinguished from brain and brainstem regions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Cervical plexus innervates

A

To below jaw (neck)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Brachial plexus innervates

A

Shoulder region, upper back, upper limb

Except trapezius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Structures associated with Thoracic

A

Thoracic sympathetic outflow

Intercostal nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Intercostal nerves innervate

A

Muscles between ribs

Thinnest part of spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Structures associated with Lumbar

A

Lumbar sympathetic outflow

Lumbosacral enlargement -Lumbar plexus and Sacral plexus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Structure associated with Sacral

A

Sacral parasympathetic outflow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Lumbosacral enlargement 2 parts

A
  1. Lumbar plexus

2. Sacral plexus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Thinnest part of spinal cord

A

Thoracic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

CSF circulates between

A

Arachnoid and Pia mater

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

3 Meningeal Coverings

A
  1. Dura mater
  2. Arachnoid mater
  3. Pia mater
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Dura Mater

A

Meningeal covering

outer, toughest layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Arachnoid mater

A

Spidery, thin layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Pia mater

A

Thin layer next to nerves, can not take this off during dissection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

3 spaces in spinal cord

A
  1. Subdural space
  2. Subarachnoid space
  3. Epidural space
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Subdural space

A

Space between Dura and Arachnoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Subarachnoid space

A

CSF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Epidural space

A

Between vertebral bone and dura mater during epidural they puncture this area
*spinal nerves here

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Where spinal nerves are located

A

Epidural space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

3 Processes in spinal caord

A
  1. Anterior rootlets
  2. Posterior rootlets
  3. Spinal nerve
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Anterior rootlets

A

Process in spinal cord

Motor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Posterior rootlets

A

Process in spinal cord
Sensory
Posterior root AKA spinal ganglion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Spinal ganglion

A

Where anterior root and posterior root come together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

4 parts of spinal nerve

A
  1. Anterior ramus
  2. Posterior ramus
  3. Gray rami communicantes
  4. White rami communicantes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Anterior ramus AKA

A

Hypaxial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Posterior ramus AKA

A

Epaxial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Anterior Ramus

A

aka Hypaxial
Innervates 90% of body
Large ramus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Anterior ramus innervates

A

90% of the body

37
Q

Posterior ramus

A

aka Epaxial

Innervates core muscles in back for posture

38
Q

Posterior ramus innervates

A

Core muscles in the back for posture

39
Q

Conus medularis

A

Spinal column

ends at L1-L2

40
Q

Spinal cord aka

A

Conus medularis

41
Q

Cauda equina

A

Horses tail

Comprised of spinal nerve roots and rootlets

42
Q

Filum terminale is part of

A

pia mater

43
Q

Difference in conus medullaris in newborn

A

Ends L3-L4
Vs.
L1-L2 in adult

44
Q

Lumps on nerves in sacral area

A

Dorsal root ganglion

45
Q

Lumbar cistern

A

Subarachnoid space

Contains cauda equina

46
Q

Lumbar herniation

A

The lower the area, problems tend to happen upstream or downstream because of cauda equina

47
Q

Spinal Nerves

A

Considered part of the PNS
Provide a direct link between the CNS and organ systems in the body
Carry both sensory and motor impulses
31 pairs

48
Q

Type of impulses carried by spinal nerves

A

Both sensory and motor

49
Q

This provides direct link between CNS and organ systems in the body

A

Spinal nerves

50
Q

Spinal nerves named for

A

The vertebral region that they are associated with

51
Q

Cervical Spinal Nerves

A

C1-C8

52
Q

Thoracic Spinal Nerves

A

T1-T12

53
Q

Lumbar Spinal Nerves

A

L1-L5

54
Q

Sacral Spinal Nerves

A

S1-S5

55
Q

Coccygeal Nerve

A

One pair

56
Q

C1 carries

A

Sensory ONLY

57
Q

Dorsal Root Spinal Cord

A

Sensory

58
Q

Ventral Root Spinal Cord

A

Motor

59
Q

Dorsal Ramus - spinal nerve roots

A

Sensory and motor

60
Q

Ventral Ramus - Spinal nerve roots

A

Sensory and motor

61
Q

Visceral Motor is

A

sympathetic

62
Q

Exteroception

A

Sensory general

vs. Interoception - visceral or referred

63
Q

Interoception

A

Sensory visceral or referred

ex. nausea, referred pain

64
Q

Proprioception

A

Some reflexes in joints
Without this would not know how hard something is
ex. sand vs. hard floor, how to walk on it

65
Q

Dermatomes

A

Parasthesia or pain. Well mapped out somatosensory patterns of body
Vs. myotomes that cover larger areas

66
Q

Dermatome

A

An area of skin innervated by the sensory fibers of a single nerve root

67
Q

Myotome

A

Group of muscles that is primarily innervated by the motor fibers of a single nerve root

68
Q

3 Main Ways in which spinal nerves are distributed in the body

A
  1. Intercostal nerves (anterior rami)
  2. Dorsal rami
  3. Nerve Plexuses (anterior rami)
69
Q

Dorsal rami

A

Small branches that innervate superficial back muscles

70
Q

Spinal Nerve Plexuses

A

Network of interweaving anterior rami of spinal nerves
Anterior rami of most spinal nerves form nerve plexuses on both R and L sides of body
Nerve plexuses then split inot multiple ‘named’ nerves that innervate various body structures
Principal plexuses are the cervical plexus, brachial plexus, lumbar plexus, and sacral plexus

71
Q

Spinal Nerve Plexus consist of

A

Interweaving anterior rami of spinal nerves

72
Q

4 Principal Plexuses

A
  1. Cervical
  2. Brachial
  3. Lumbar
  4. Sacral
73
Q

2 main cervical plexus nerve roots

A

Ansa cervicalis

Phrenic nerve

74
Q

Ansa cervicalis innervate

A

Motor to the anterior strap muscles in the neck

75
Q

Phrenic Nerve innervate

A

The diaphram

76
Q

Brachial Plexus

A

Innervates shoulder and upper limb, innervates pectoral and latisimus dorsi

77
Q

Brachial Plexus Order

A 
Roots
Trunks
Divisions
Cords
Branches
78
Q

Brachial Plexus mmemonic device

A

Real Texans Drink Cold Beer

79
Q

Lumbar Plexus

A 
Spinal nerve roots L1-L4
Lumbar enlargement
Communicates with the sacral plexus via the lumbosacral trunk
2 major branches:
Femoral Nerve - anterior thigh
Obturator Nerve - medial thigh
80
Q

Lumbosacral Trunk

A

L4 combines with L5 and goes to sacral plexus

81
Q

Femoral Nerve

A

Lumbar Plexus

Innervates anterior thigh

82
Q

Obturator Nerve

A

Lumbar Plexus

Innervates medial thigh, adductors

83
Q

2 Nerves of Lumbar Plexus

A

Femoral

Obdurator

84
Q

Sacral Plexus

A 
Spinal nerve roots L4-S5
Include L4
Superior gluteal nerve
Inferior gluteal nerve
Sciatic Nerve
-Common fibular division
-Tibial division
85
Q

3 Important nerves for Sacral Plexus

A
  1. Superior gluteal nerve
  2. Inferior gluteal nerve
  3. Sciatic nerve
86
Q

Superior and Inferior Gluteal Nerves innervate

A

Gluteal muscles essential for walking

87
Q

Sciatic nerve innervates

A

Posterior thigh and below the knee (leg)

88
Q

Below the knee is called the

A

Leg

89
Q

2 Divisions of the Sciatic Nerve

A
  1. Common fibular division

2. Tibial division - very large part

Anatomy (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions