Week 3 Immunity Drugs Flashcards
Immune stimulants do what?
energize and assist immune system to fight specific pathogens or cancer cells
Immune suppressants do what?
Block and drepress immune system to prevent transplant rejection or severe tissue damage or autoimmune disease
Immune suppressant classes
- T/B cell suppressors
- Monoclonal antibodies
Immunes suppressant prototypes
Cyclosporine and bevacizumab
Immune stimulant classes
- interferon
- colony-stimulating factors
Immune stimulant prototypes
- interferon alpha 2b
- fligrastim
Interferon prototype drug
Interferon alpha 2b
Colony stimulating factor prototype drug
fligrastin
T/B cell suppressants prototype drug
cyclosporin
Monoclonal antibodies prototype drug
Bevacizumab
Therapeutic action of Interferons
- Inhibits the growth of the tumor cells and enhances immune response
- inhibits tumor growth and replication
- enhances inflammatory reaction
Therapeutic action of colony-stimulating factor
- increase production of neutrophils in bone marrow
- increase WBC production
Therapeutic action of T/ B cell suppressants
- block antibody production by B cells
- inhibit suppressor and helper T cells
- reversibly inhibits immunocompetent lymphocytes, t helper cells, suppressor cells, and lymphokine production
Therapeutic action of Monoclonal antibodies
- inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor leading to decreased angiogenesis and cell proliferation
- work against malignant or viral cell sites
- specific key to specific receptor types
Indication for Monoclonal antibodies
- metastic colorectal cancer, non-squamous cell, non small cell lung cancer, glioblastoma, renal cell carcinoma, cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, COVID 19
Indication for T/B cell suppressant
- prophylaxis for solid organ rejection
- treatment for chronic rejection
- treatment for RA and psoriasis
Indication for colony-stimulating factor
- reduce infections in pts w/ bone marrow suppression
- neutrophil recovery w/ myelosuppressive chemotherapy, leukemia, bone marrow transplants
Indication for Interferons
- hairy cell leukemia, chronic hep B/C, malignant melanomia,
Pharmacokinetics for interferons
- IM, IV, SubQ
- rapid onset, peak 3-8hr
- broken down in kidney
Pharmacokinetics for Colony- stimulating factor
- IV, SubQ
- Varying peak, onset and duration
- metabolism and excreted unknown
Pharmacokinetics for T/B cell suppressants
- varies by med; GI or IV
- metabolized by liver and excreted by stool or urine
Pharmacokinetics for monoclonal antibodies
- given IM, IV, SubQ
- GI rapidly breaks down protein
- processed like naturally occurring antibodies
Adverse Effects in Monoclonal Antibodies
- thrombotic events, GI perforation
- third spacing of fluids and shock!
- flu-like symptoms
Adverse Effects of T/B cell suppressants
-increased risk of infection
- increased risk of development of neoplasms
- possible pulmonary edema
Adverse Effects of colony-stimulating factor
GI> n/v/d, anorexia
- increased activity bone marrow> bone pain
Adverse Effects in Interferons
- flu-like symptoms
- lethargy, n/v, dizziness
Contradictions of interferons
- DO NOT USE DURING PREGNANCY
- CNS dysfunction
- teratogenic in animals> harmful to child
Contradictions of Colony-stimulating factor
- Avoid neonates
- caution in pregnancy adn lactation
Contradictions of T/B cell suppressants
- allergy to drug
- cautions w/ hepatic/ renal impairment
- known neoplasms> potential spread
Contradictions of Monoclonal antibodies
- fever> treat before beginning therapy
- fluid overload
Drug to drug interaction of Monoclonal antibodies
- caution w/ other immunosuppressant drugs
Drug-to-drug interaction of T/B cell suppressants
- MUST avoid grapefruit juice
- increased risk of toxicity w/ hepatotoxic or nephrotoxic drugs
Drug to drug interaction of Colony-stimulating factor
- increased myeloproliferation effects of some when combined with corticosteroids and lithium
- not given w/ active chemo or radiation
Drug to drug interaction of Interferons
- NO drug interactions
Nursing Considerations for Interferons
- monitor CBC> WBC
- DO NOT TAKE WHILE PREGNANT
- CARDIAC FUNCTION TESTS
- liver/ renal function tests
Nursing Considerations for Colony stimulating factor
- monitor CBC> WBC
- DO NOT TAKE WHILE PREGNANT
- cardiac function
- liver/ renal function tests
Nursing Considerations for T/B cell suppressants
- Assess lung sounds
- monitor temp/ signs of infection
- monitor function of transplanted organ
- strict aseptic technique
Nursing Considerations for Monoclonal antibodies
- Assess lung sounds
- monitor temp/ signs of infection
- monitor function of transplanted organ
- strict aseptic technique
