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2) Neuro > Week 3: CNS Blood & CSF Circulation > Flashcards

Week 3: CNS Blood & CSF Circulation Flashcards

1
Q

Anterior Spinal Artery

A

Runs through the anterior median fissure & supplies the anterior 2/3 of the spinal cord

At the brainstem runs up the midline, splits into L & R, & then anastamoses w/the vertebral arteries

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2
Q

Posterior Spinal Arteries

A

Run through the posterior median septums & supplies the posterior 1/3 of the spinal cord

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3
Q

Vertebral Arteries

A

Branches of the subclavian arteries & gives rise to the anterior spinal arteries, posterior spinal arteries, & posterior inferior cerebellar artery

Supplies the upper spinal cord

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4
Q

Posterior Intercostal Branch of the Thoracic Aorta

A

*

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5
Q

Lumbar Branch of the Aorta

A

*

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6
Q

Anterior Spinal Veins

A

Runs through the anterior median fissure

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7
Q

Posterior Spinal Veins

A

Runs through the posterior median sulcus

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8
Q

Anterior & Posterior Radicular Veins

A

Run horizontally of the sides of the spinal cord similar to the way the spinal nerve roots do & come together to form the spinal vein

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9
Q

Dura Mater

A

Outermost layer; Toughest

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10
Q

Arachnoid Mater

A

Middle Layer

Has arachnoid villi (form arachnoid granulations)–>Pierce the dura & go into venous sinuses
Allow CSF to flow into the sinuses

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11
Q

Pia Mater

A

Innermost layer

Attached to the arachnoid except at the dural sinuses

Has falx cerebri

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12
Q

Internal Carotid Artery

A

Branches into the posterior communicating artery & middle cerebral artery

Enters the skill through the temporal bones

Provides blood supply to most of the cerebrum

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13
Q

Posterior Communicating Artery

A

Branches off the internal carotid artery & runs to the posterior cerebral artery

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14
Q

Anterior Choroidal Artery

A

Comes off the internal carotid artery right before ICA curves into the middle cerebral artery & runs along the bottom of the _______

Supplies the choroid plexus, optic tract, basal ganglia, lateral geniculate, & internal capsule

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15
Q

Middle Cerebral Artery

A

Runs along the side of the temporal lobe & into the lateral sulcus

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16
Q

Anterior Cerebral Artery

A

Runs in between the olfactory nerves along the medial edges of each hemisphere & then sweeps up & back above the corpus callosum

Supplies the frontal lobes, parietal lobes, & corpus callosum

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17
Q

Anterior Communicating Artery

A

Connects anterior cerebral arteries together

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18
Q

Pericallosal Artery

A

Branches off the anterior cerebral artery & runs along the top of the corpus callosum

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19
Q

Callosomarginal Artery

A

Branches off the anterior cerebral artery & runs along the top of what looks like the limbic lobe

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20
Q

Circle of Willis

A

Anastomotic ring of 9 arteries that supply blood to the cerebrum; 6 large arteries anastamose w/3 small communicating arteries

Can provide alternate circulation routes if one portion is blocked

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21
Q

Posterior Communicating Arteries

A

Link the internal carotid arteries w/the posterior cerebral artery

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22
Q

Posterior Cerebral Arteries

A

Stems off the superior aspect of the basilar artery & wraps around the midbrain

Eventually splits into the temporal artery, calcarine artery, parieto-occipital artery, & posterior choroidal artery

Supplies the midbrain (primary source), occipital lobes, & medial inferior temporal lobes

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23
Q

What arteries make up the circle of willis?

A 
Anterior Cerebral Arteries
Anterior Communicating Arteries
Internal Carotid Arteries
Posterior Cerebral Arteries
Posterior Communicating Arteries
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24
Q

Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Arteries

A

Comes off the vertebral artery & goes along the inferior aspect of the cerebellum

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25
Q

Basilar Artery

A

Forms when the vertebral arteries come together; Runs along the midline of the pons & then splits superiorly into the posterior cerebral arteries

Supplies the pons & cerebellum

26
Q

Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Arteries

A

Stems off the basilar artery (2nd)

27
Q

Labyrinthine Arteries

A

Branches off the from the anterior inferior cerebellar artery

28
Q

Pontine Arteries

A

3rd & 4th arteries to branch off the basilar artery

29
Q

Superior Cerebellar Artery

A

Next to last artery to branch off the basilar artery

30
Q

Lateral Ventricles

A

On top

Biggest

1 in each hemisphere

Has a body, atrium, & ant/post/inf horns

31
Q

3rd Ventricle

A

Narrow slit in the midline of the diencephalon

Walls are the thalamus & hypothalamus

32
Q

4th Ventricle

A

In between the pons & cerebellum

Drains into the subarachnoid space via the foramina of Luschka & Foramen of Magendie

33
Q

Cerebral Aqueduct

A

Connects the 3rd & 4th ventricles

34
Q

Central Canal

A

*

35
Q

Cisterna Magna

A

Under the cerebellum & between that & the medulla

36
Q

Pontine Cistern

A

Below the pons

37
Q

Interpeduncular Cisterns

A

Superior to the pons; Kind of posterior to the infundibulum/hypothalamus

38
Q

Cistern of the Optic Chiasm

A

*

39
Q

Cistern of the Lamina Terminalis

A

Anterior to the hypothalamus

Turns into the cistern of the corpus callosum

40
Q

Cistern of the Corpus Callosum

A

Runs all around the corpus callosum

41
Q

Superior Cistern/Cistern of the Great Cerebral Vein

A

*

42
Q

Cisterna Ambians

A

Superior Cistern + Subarachnoid space around the lateral midbrain

43
Q

Cistern of the Lateral Sulcus

A

Where fluid pools in the lateral sulcus

44
Q

Lumbar Cistern

A

Space after SC shortens

Contains the cauda equina

Where LP is done into the subarachnoid space

45
Q

Hydrocephalus

A

Too much CSF gets produced, not enough gets absorbed, or circulation is blocked

Cause by CP in overdrive or Foramen of Magendie can pinch off CSF flow

46
Q

What locations & fxns wold be impaired by an occlusion of the basilar artery?

A

*

47
Q

What locations & fxns wold be impaired by an occlusion of the anterior communicating artery?

A

*

48
Q

What locations & fxns wold be impaired by an occlusion of the middle cerebral artery?

A

*

49
Q

What locations & fxns wold be impaired by an occlusion of the superior cerebellar artery?

A

*

50
Q

What locations & fxns wold be impaired by an occlusion of the anterior spinal artery?

A

*

51
Q

What locations & fxns wold be impaired by an occlusion of the cerebral aqueduct?

A

*

52
Q

What arteries & venous systems keep the basal ganglia healthy?

A

*

53
Q

What roles do the cisterns play?

A

Fill space where dura doesn’t lay flat & is where CSF collects

54
Q

Describe how blood vessels & CSF are integrated in the brain.

A

*

55
Q

Septum Pellucidum

A

Separates the R & L lateral ventricles

56
Q

Name the lobes in which the areas of the lateral ventricles are:

 * Anterior Horn
 * Body
 * Posterior Horn
 * Inferior Horn
 * Atrium (Trigone)
A

Anterior Horn=Frontal Lobe

Body=Frontal & Parietal Lobes

Posterior Horn=Occipital Lobe

Inferior Horn=Temporal Lobe

Atrium (Trigone)=Junction of body, Posterior Horn, & Inferior Horn

57
Q

What structures make up the roof, walls, & floor of the lateral ventricles?

A

Corpus Callosum=Roof
Caudate Nucleus=Lateral Wall
Septum Pellucidum=Medial Wall
Hippocampus=Floor (of interior horn)

58
Q

Arachnoid Granulations

A

Outgrowings of arachnoid tissue that pierce the dura mater into the superior sagittal sinus; Serve as a 1-way passage into the sinus for CSF

59
Q

What does the glymphatic system do?

A

Absorbs nutrients out of the deep tissues, which then get pulled into the venous system

60
Q

Fxns of CSF

A

Spatial buffering for heartbeats, masses, etc, Regulates EC(brain)F for nutrient & waste removal, & is a route of hormone transport

61
Q

What does the falx cerebri anchor to?

A

Crista Galli anteriorly & blends w/the Tentorium Cerebelli posterioly

2) Neuro (12 decks)

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