Week 1: Anatomy of the Brain & Skull Flashcards
Frontal Gyri
In the frontal lobe; Has superior, middle, & inferior
PreCentral Gyrus
Just anterior to the precentral sulcus
PostCentral Sulcus
Just posterior to the central sulcus;
AKA the sensorymotor cortex
Temporal Gyrus
On the temporal lobe; Has superior, middle, & inferior
Cingulate Gyrus
Basically the limbic lobe
Orbital Gyrus
Undersurface of the frontal lobe
Longitudinal Fissure
Separates right & left hemispheres
Transverse Fissure
Separates cerebrum from cerebellum
Lateral Sulcus
Divides temporal lobe from parietal lobe
Central Sulcus
Divides frontal lobe from parietal lobe
Calcarine Sulcus
Splits occipital lobe into superior & inferior
Parietal-Occipital Sulcus
Divides parietal lobe from occipital lobe
Meningeal Reflections
Dura sometimes sinks in between hemispheres, sulci, etc
Fall Cerebri
Goes into the longitudinal fissure
Falx Cerebelli
Around the cerebellum near the vermis
Tentorium Cerebelli
Above the cerebellum
Diaphragma Sella
Thickening at the top of sella turcica to anchor the pituitary into the sella turcica
Orientation of Cerebellum
Flat surface is superior, Round surface is inferior
Vermis
Right down the middle of the cerebellum
Flocculonodular Lobe
Little thing on anterior surface of cerebellum
Corpus Cerebelli
Cerebellar Body
Horizontal Fissure of Cerebellum
On the sides
Primary Fissure of Cerebellum
Divides cerebellum into anterior & posterior portions
What is the anatomical relationship of the pons to the cerebellum?
The pons is anterior to the cerebellum
Anterior Cranial Fossa
Characteristics, Location, Contains, & Composition
Characteristics: Most shallow
Location: Lies over the nasal & orbital cavities
Contains: Frontal Lobe
Composition: Frontal, Ethmoid, & Sphenoid
Middle Cranial Fossa
Characteristics,Location, Contains, & Composition
Characteristics: Has optic canal, superior orbital fissure, foramen rotundum, foramen ovale, foramen spinosum, & carotid canal
Location: Located centrally
Contains: Pituitary
Composition: Sphenoid & Temporal Bones
Posterior Cranial Fossa
Characteristics, Contains, Composition
Characteristics: Deepest
Has internal acoustic meatus, foramen magnum, jugular foramina, & hypoglossal canal
Contains: Brainstem & Cerebellum
Composition: Occiput & Temporal Bones
Mastoid Process
Bump off the lateral portion of the temporal bone
Styloid Process
Long pointy thing that sticks down
What sits in the sella turcica?
Pituitary Gland
Where are there more axons in the spinal cord?
As you get closer to the brain
Conus Medullaris
End of the spinal cord at L1
Filum Terminal
Little string of nervous tissue that anchors the spinal cord to the dural sac; Is non-conductive
Anterior Median Fissure
Big slit on the anterior aspect of the spinal cord
Anterolateral Sulci
Where ventral rootlets exit the spinal cord
Posterior Median Sulcus
Line on the posterior aspect of the spinal cord
Posterior Median Septum
Lines on either side of the posterior median sulcus
Posterolateral Sulci
Where the dorsal rootlets exit the spinal cord
Gray Commissure
Connects each half of the “butterfly”
White Commisure
Just anterior & posterior to gray commissure
What is the only part of the spinal cord that has lateral horns?
T-Spine
Why is the thoracic region of the spinal cord the only region to have really slim gray matter?
Because the T-SC doesn’t innervate limbs
Laminate 1-4
Primary areas for exteroceptive/sensory fibers
Lamina 5 & 6
Primary receiving areas for proprioceptive fibers; Has extensive connections w/higher centers for pain, temp, & touch
Lamina 6
Deep Sensory Structure Input
Prominent in limb enlargements from T4-L2
Lamina 7
Has internuncial pool
Largest lamina
Lamina 8
Cell interconnections & origins of gamma efferent fibers
Decussating fibers cross anterior to the central canal
Lamina 9
Alpha efferent (motor fibers) w/gamma & interneurons
Lamina 10
Decussating Axons
Purpose of horns in spinal cord
For SNS
Denticulate Ligaments
Attaches pia to dura
Helps to keep the spinal cord suspended in space
*Extra thickenings on the model
What landmarks help you determine anterior from posterior spinal nerve roots?
Only the dorsal root has ganglion
What is the relationship between spinal meningeal layers & cerebral meningeal layers?
*
What is the function of the filum terminal?
Anchors the spinal cord
At what level of the vertebral column is the conus medullaris located & what lies inferior to that?
L1
Cauda equina lies inferior to the conus medullaris
Primary Motor Cortex Location
Just anterior to the central sulcus
