Week 3

Question 1

PARTS OF A NEURON
Branch- like structures that receive information from other neurons and send nerve impulses toward the cell body.

Answer 1

Dendrites

Question 2

PARTS OF A NEURON
Includes a nucleus which contains the genetic material.

Answer 2

Cell Body

Question 3

PARTS OF A NEURON
This is the cable under the myelin that carries nerve impulses away from the cell body.

Answer 3

Axon

Question 4

PARTS OF A NEURON
Sends impulses to the next neuron across the synapse through the release of neurotransmitters.

Answer 4

Terminal Buttons

Question 5

PARTS OF A NEURON
Insulates & protects the axon and helps to speed up the electrical transmission along the axon.

Answer 5

Myelin Sheath

Question 6

PARTS OF A NEURON
Gaps in the myelin sheath that force the impulse to ‘jump’ across gaps along the axon. This helps increase the speed of the electrical impulse.

Answer 6

Nodes of Ranvier

Question 7

TYPES OF NEURONS
These carry messages from your Peripheral Nervous System to your Central Nervous System.

Answer 7

Sensory Neuron

Question 8

TYPES OF NEURONS
Found in the brain and spinal cord. They carry nerve inpulses between neurons, connecting sensory and motor neurons.

Answer 8

Relay Neuron

Question 9

TYPES OF NEURONS
Carry nerve impulses from the Central Nervous System to effectors (muscles and glands).

Answer 9

Motor Neuron

Question 10

PROCESS OF STIMULUS AND RESPONSE | FILL IN THE BLANKS

Stimulus —> Receptors —> 1)_______ _______ —> 2)_______ ______ —> 3)_________ _______ —> Effector —> Response.

Answer 10

Stimulus —> Receptors —> 1) Sensory Neuron —> 2) Relay Neuron —> 3) Motor Neurons —> Effector —> Response.

Question 11

Gap junctions that allow local current to flow between adjacent cells.

Answer 11

Electrical Synapses

Question 12

ELECTRICAL SYNAPSES
Protein tubes in the cell membrane that allow flow of ions from one cell to the next.

Answer 12

Connexons

Question 13

ELECTRICAL SYNAPSES
Electrical synapses are found in _______ muscle and many types of smooth muscle.

Answer 13

Cardiac Muscle

Question 14

EXCITATION AND INHIBITION
Periodic production of action potentials even without synaptic input.

Answer 14

Spontaneous Firing Rate

Question 15

When a neurotransmitter increases the POSITIVE charge of the post-synaptic neuron, INCREASING the likelihood that the neuron will fire and pass on the electrical impulse.

Answer 15

Excitation

Question 16

When a neurotransmitter increases the NEGATIVE charge of the post-synaptic neuron,DECREASING the likelihood that the neuron will fire and pass on the electrical impulse.

Answer 16

Inhibition

Question 17

EXCITATION AND INHIBITION
What does *EPSP stand for?

Answer 17

Excitatory
Post
Synaptic
Potential

Question 18

EXCITATION AND INHIBITION
What does IPSP stand for?

Answer 18

Inhibitory
Post
Synaptic
Potential

Question 19

EXCITATION AND INHIBITION
During a spontaneous firing rate, how much more action potential is produced per second?

Answer 19

10 to 15

Question 20

EXCITATION AND INHIBITION
If the total effect on the post synaptic neuron is INHIBITORY (or negative in total) then the neuron is _______ likely to fire.

Answer 20

Less likely

Question 21

EXCITATION AND INHIBITION
If the total effect on the post synaptic neuron is EXCITATORY (or positive in total) then the neuron is _______ likely to fire.

Answer 21

More likely

Question 22

ELECTRICAL VS CHEMICAL SYNAPSE
The main difference is that an Electrical Synapse occurs 1)_______ __ ______ while a Chemical Synapse occurs 2)______ _______.

Answer 22

1) WITHIN a Neuron
2) BETWEEN Neurons