Week 2 - Wet room Flashcards
what are the bones which form the bridge of the nose?
nasal bone
frontal process of maxilla
nasal part of frontal bone
what are the functions of the nose?
olfaction (smell) humidification of air respiration filtration of dust reception and elimination of secretions from nasal mucosa, paranasal sinuses and nasolacrimal ducts
what bones make up the nasal septum?
perpendicular plates of ethmoid bone (superior)
vomer (inferior)
in a coronal section what space is found above the superior meatus?
frontal air sinus
where is the sphenoid sinus located?
superior to the superior turbinate
what bones form the floor of the nose?
the palatine process of maxilla and the palatine bone
what forms the roof of the nose?
cribriform plate of ethmoid bone and frontal bone
what extends the floor of the nose posteriorly after the palatine bone and maxilla ?
the soft palate
what passes through the cribriform plate?
olfactory nerve
what attaches to the crista gali?
falx cerebri (fold of dura matter)
what type of epithelium lines the nasal cavity?
pseudo stratified ciliated columnar epithelium with goblet cells
(respiratory epithelium)
what type of mucosa lines the roof of the nasal cavity?
olfactory mucosa
what bones are the superior, middle and inferior conchae apart of?
superior and middle - ethmoid
inferior concha is a bone of its own
where is the olfactory bulb located?
the cribriform plate of ethmoid bone
this is where the olfactory branches are given out and go through the plate to innervate the nose
what type of mucosa and epithelium lines the paranasal sinus?
respiratory mucosa
pseudo stratified ciliated columnar epithelium with goblet cells - continuous with that lining the nasal cavity
what is the clinical significance of the paranasal air sinuses being lined with respiratory mucosa?
during upper respiratory tract infections and allergic reactions, this will easily spread to the air sinuses causing them to become swollen and inflamed readily due to its high vasculature and glandular nature
this will drainage into the nasal cavity which will cause pain
what recess opens onto the sphenoid meatus?
sphenoethmoidal recess
which sinus doesn’t drain as well and why?
maxillary sinus because its opening is not at its most inferior part therefore secretions don’t drain well
which nerve innervates the air sinuses?
trigeminal nerve frontal - ophthalmic ethmoid - ophthalmic sphenoid - ophthalmic and maxillary maxillary - maxillary
what are the 3 parts of the pharynx?
nasopharynx
oropharynx
hypo pharynx
what blocks passage from nasopharynx and oropharynx?
soft palate
what forms the roof of the nasopharynx?
sphenoid bone
what is found at the roof and posterior wall of the nasopharynx?
collection of lymphoid tissue known as naso associated lymphoid tissue NALT / adenoid pad
where does the eustachian tube lie?
lies in the side wall of the nasopharynx at the level of the floor of the nose
why does otitis media commonly complicate throat infections?
the eustachian tube provides a ready pathway for spread of infection (sepsis) from the throat to the middle ear
