Week 2 - Dry room Flashcards
what are the main parts of the mandible?
condylar process coronoid process mandibular foramen mental foramen mental protuberance incisive fossa angle of mandible
how many deciduous teeth do you have ?
20 in total
8 incisors
4 canines
8 molars
how many permanent teeth do you have?
32 in total 8 incisors 4 canines 8 pre molars 12 molars
what nerve enters the mandibular foramen?
inferior alevolar nerve - branch of the trigeminal
what is the course of the inferior alveolar nerve?
trigeminal goes through foramen ovale
a branch- inferior angular nerve enters the mandibular foramen
gives off branches in the mandibular canal along the teeth - giving sensation to the teeth
gives off a branch -mental nerve - which comes out of the mental foramen
what nerve exits through the mental foramen?
mental nerve
what type of joint is temporomandibular joint?
synovial hinge
what articulates to form the temporomandibular joint?
condylar process and mandible
mandibular fossa of temporal bone
what movements occur at the temporomandibular joint?
protrusion retraction elevation depression side to side movements
what are the muscles of mastication?
temporalis muscle
masseter
medial and lateral pterygoid muscles
where would you find the medial and lateral pterygoidei muscles?
lateral goes towards the mastoid process
medial is deep and parallel to the master muscle
what is characteristic of the muscles fibres of the temporals muscle?
posterior fibres run almost horizontally
anterior fibres run almost vertically
what are the bony attachments of the master muscle?
the zygomatic arch
the coronoid process of the mandible
(also goes over the arch of the mandible)
where do the medial and lateral pterygoidei muscles attach in the skull?
they both attach to the lateral pterygoidei plates of the sphenoid bone
what is the inferior and superior alveolar nerves branch’s of?
superior = maxillary V2 inferior = mandibular V3
what are the attachments of the medial pterygoid muscle?
medial surface of the lateral pterygoidei plate of sphenoid bone
inner surface of the mandible
what are the attachments of the later pterygoid muscle?
lateral surface of the lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone
enters into the joint capsule of the TMJ to insert onto the neck of the mandible and the articular disc
what is responsible for depression of the mandible?
supra hyoid strap muscles
what are the supra hyoid strap muscles?
myelohyoid
geniohyoid
stylohyoid
anterior and posterior belly of diagastric
what is responsible for side to side movements of the mandible?
medial and lateral pterygoid muscles
what is responsible for protrusion of the mandible ?
lateral pterygoid
what is responsible for retraction of the mandible?
posterior fibres temporalis
what is responsible for elevation of the mandible?
anterior fibres of temporalis
medial pterygoid
masseter
where does the ophthalmic, maxillary and mandibular branches of the trigeminal exit the cranial cavity?
ophthalmic - superior orbital fissure
maxillary - foramen rotundum
mandibular - foramen ovale
what supplies muscles of mastication?
mandibular branch of trigeminal
what provides motor and sensory innervation to the muscles of mastication?
mandibular branch of trigeminal is the only branch of CN V which carries both sensory and motor fibres
what provides sensation to the upper and lower teeth ?
upper teeth in the maxilla - superior alveolar nerve (branch of maxilla V2)
lower teeth in mandible - inferior alveolar nerve (branch of mandibular nerve V3)
what nerve lies medial to the inferior angular nerve?
lingual nerve
where does the mandibular nerve give off its motor branches to supply muscles of mastication?
in the infra temporal fossa
what is the defined as the space between the lips and cheek & teeth and gengiva ?
the vestibule
space between cheeks and gums
what is the muscle which lies on the lateral walls of the oral cavity? and what nerve is it supplied by?
the buccinator
supplied by facial nerve
what two bones form the hard palate?
palatine process of maxillary bone
horizontal plates of palatine bone
what forms the roof of the mouth?
the hard palate
name 5 muscles of the soft palate.
tensor veli palatini levator veli palatini palatoglossus palatopharyngeus superior pharyngeal constrictor
what is the nerve supply of the soft palate muscles?
pharyngeal plexus of vagus nerve CN X
what forms the anterior border of the oropharynx?
the right and left palatoglossal arches
what are the 2 main arches found in the oral cavity?
palatoglossal arch
palatopharyngeal arch
what is found attached to the back of the tongue ?
lingual tonsil
where does the palatoglossus extend to and from?
extends from the uvula of the soft palate to the tip of the epiglossus (anterior to the palatopharyngeus)
what is the uvula formed from?
the soft palate
what muscles are responsible for changing shape of the tongue?
intrinsic muscles
what muscles are responsible for changing position of the tongue?
extrinsic
what divides the tongue into anterior 2/3rds and posterior 1/3rds?
v shaped sulcus called sulcus terminals
what are the different papillae found on the tongue?
vallate papillae found in a row just anterior to the sulcus terminals (round shaped)
fungiform spread diffusely
filiform found at the front (doesn’t have taste buds)
what are the surface elevations found in the back of the tongue?
lingual tonsils - formed from lymphatic tissue
what fixed the tongue to the floor of the mouth?
lingual frenulum
what nerve supplies motor innervation to the extrinsic muscles of the tongue?
hypoglossal nerve
except the palatoglossus (innervated by pharyngeal plexus - CN X)
what supplies sensory innervation to the tongue?
anterior - mandibular V3 & chord typani (branch of facial)
posterior - glossopharyngeal CN IX (both general and special sensory)
what are the extrinsic muscles of the tongue?
genioglossus
hyoglossus
styloglossus
palatoglossus
what does the styloglossal muscle attach to?
styloid process
what does the hyoglossus attach to?
the hyoid bone
what nerves supply the parotid, submandibular and submental salivary glands?
parotid = glossopharyngeal CN IX
submandibular & submental = facial nerve CN VII
what is the point where the tongue and epiglottis meet?
vallecula
what nerve runs along side the inferior alveolar and is it medial or lateral? what does this nerve supply?
lingual nerve (also branch of V3)
runs medially
supplies general sensation to anterior of the tongue
