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Head and Neck Anatomy > Week 2 - Dry room > Flashcards

Week 2 - Dry room Flashcards

1
Q

what are the main parts of the mandible?

A 
condylar process 
coronoid process 
mandibular foramen 
mental foramen 
mental protuberance 
incisive fossa 
angle of mandible
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2
Q

how many deciduous teeth do you have ?

A

20 in total
8 incisors
4 canines
8 molars

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3
Q

how many permanent teeth do you have?

A 
32 in total
8 incisors 
4 canines 
8 pre molars 
12 molars
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4
Q

what nerve enters the mandibular foramen?

A

inferior alevolar nerve - branch of the trigeminal

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5
Q

what is the course of the inferior alveolar nerve?

A

trigeminal goes through foramen ovale
a branch- inferior angular nerve enters the mandibular foramen
gives off branches in the mandibular canal along the teeth - giving sensation to the teeth
gives off a branch -mental nerve - which comes out of the mental foramen

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6
Q

what nerve exits through the mental foramen?

A

mental nerve

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7
Q

what type of joint is temporomandibular joint?

A

synovial hinge

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8
Q

what articulates to form the temporomandibular joint?

A

condylar process and mandible

mandibular fossa of temporal bone

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9
Q

what movements occur at the temporomandibular joint?

A 
protrusion 
retraction 
elevation 
depression 
side to side movements
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10
Q

what are the muscles of mastication?

A

temporalis muscle
masseter
medial and lateral pterygoid muscles

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11
Q

where would you find the medial and lateral pterygoidei muscles?

A

lateral goes towards the mastoid process

medial is deep and parallel to the master muscle

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12
Q

what is characteristic of the muscles fibres of the temporals muscle?

A

posterior fibres run almost horizontally

anterior fibres run almost vertically

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13
Q

what are the bony attachments of the master muscle?

A

the zygomatic arch
the coronoid process of the mandible
(also goes over the arch of the mandible)

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14
Q

where do the medial and lateral pterygoidei muscles attach in the skull?

A

they both attach to the lateral pterygoidei plates of the sphenoid bone

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15
Q

what is the inferior and superior alveolar nerves branch’s of?

A 
superior = maxillary V2
inferior = mandibular V3
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16
Q

what are the attachments of the medial pterygoid muscle?

A

medial surface of the lateral pterygoidei plate of sphenoid bone
inner surface of the mandible

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17
Q

what are the attachments of the later pterygoid muscle?

A

lateral surface of the lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone
enters into the joint capsule of the TMJ to insert onto the neck of the mandible and the articular disc

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18
Q

what is responsible for depression of the mandible?

A

supra hyoid strap muscles

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19
Q

what are the supra hyoid strap muscles?

A

myelohyoid
geniohyoid
stylohyoid
anterior and posterior belly of diagastric

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20
Q

what is responsible for side to side movements of the mandible?

A

medial and lateral pterygoid muscles

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21
Q

what is responsible for protrusion of the mandible ?

A

lateral pterygoid

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22
Q

what is responsible for retraction of the mandible?

A

posterior fibres temporalis

23
Q

what is responsible for elevation of the mandible?

A

anterior fibres of temporalis
medial pterygoid
masseter

24
Q

where does the ophthalmic, maxillary and mandibular branches of the trigeminal exit the cranial cavity?

A

ophthalmic - superior orbital fissure
maxillary - foramen rotundum
mandibular - foramen ovale

25
Q

what supplies muscles of mastication?

A

mandibular branch of trigeminal

26
Q

what provides motor and sensory innervation to the muscles of mastication?

A

mandibular branch of trigeminal is the only branch of CN V which carries both sensory and motor fibres

27
Q

what provides sensation to the upper and lower teeth ?

A

upper teeth in the maxilla - superior alveolar nerve (branch of maxilla V2)
lower teeth in mandible - inferior alveolar nerve (branch of mandibular nerve V3)

28
Q

what nerve lies medial to the inferior angular nerve?

A

lingual nerve

29
Q

where does the mandibular nerve give off its motor branches to supply muscles of mastication?

A

in the infra temporal fossa

30
Q

what is the defined as the space between the lips and cheek & teeth and gengiva ?

A

the vestibule

space between cheeks and gums

31
Q

what is the muscle which lies on the lateral walls of the oral cavity? and what nerve is it supplied by?

A

the buccinator

supplied by facial nerve

32
Q

what two bones form the hard palate?

A

palatine process of maxillary bone

horizontal plates of palatine bone

33
Q

what forms the roof of the mouth?

A

the hard palate

34
Q

name 5 muscles of the soft palate.

A 
tensor veli palatini 
levator veli palatini 
palatoglossus 
palatopharyngeus 
superior pharyngeal constrictor
35
Q

what is the nerve supply of the soft palate muscles?

A

pharyngeal plexus of vagus nerve CN X

36
Q

what forms the anterior border of the oropharynx?

A

the right and left palatoglossal arches

37
Q

what are the 2 main arches found in the oral cavity?

A

palatoglossal arch

palatopharyngeal arch

38
Q

what is found attached to the back of the tongue ?

A

lingual tonsil

39
Q

where does the palatoglossus extend to and from?

A

extends from the uvula of the soft palate to the tip of the epiglossus (anterior to the palatopharyngeus)

40
Q

what is the uvula formed from?

A

the soft palate

41
Q

what muscles are responsible for changing shape of the tongue?

A

intrinsic muscles

42
Q

what muscles are responsible for changing position of the tongue?

A

extrinsic

43
Q

what divides the tongue into anterior 2/3rds and posterior 1/3rds?

A

v shaped sulcus called sulcus terminals

44
Q

what are the different papillae found on the tongue?

A

vallate papillae found in a row just anterior to the sulcus terminals (round shaped)
fungiform spread diffusely
filiform found at the front (doesn’t have taste buds)

45
Q

what are the surface elevations found in the back of the tongue?

A

lingual tonsils - formed from lymphatic tissue

46
Q

what fixed the tongue to the floor of the mouth?

A

lingual frenulum

47
Q

what nerve supplies motor innervation to the extrinsic muscles of the tongue?

A

hypoglossal nerve

except the palatoglossus (innervated by pharyngeal plexus - CN X)

48
Q

what supplies sensory innervation to the tongue?

A

anterior - mandibular V3 & chord typani (branch of facial)
posterior - glossopharyngeal CN IX (both general and special sensory)

49
Q

what are the extrinsic muscles of the tongue?

A

genioglossus
hyoglossus
styloglossus
palatoglossus

50
Q

what does the styloglossal muscle attach to?

A

styloid process

51
Q

what does the hyoglossus attach to?

A

the hyoid bone

52
Q

what nerves supply the parotid, submandibular and submental salivary glands?

A

parotid = glossopharyngeal CN IX

submandibular & submental = facial nerve CN VII

53
Q

what is the point where the tongue and epiglottis meet?

A

vallecula

54
Q

what nerve runs along side the inferior alveolar and is it medial or lateral? what does this nerve supply?

A

lingual nerve (also branch of V3)
runs medially
supplies general sensation to anterior of the tongue

Head and Neck Anatomy (13 decks)

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