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human anatomy > week 2 - pns > Flashcards

week 2 - pns Flashcards

1
Q

ganglia

A

plural of ganglion, in the PNS they are groups or knots of cell bodies

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2
Q

afferent nerves

A

nerves that carry information towards CNS

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3
Q

efferent nerves

A

nerves that carry information away from CNS

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4
Q

sympathetic response

A

prepares body for intense physical activity

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5
Q

parasympathetic response

A

relaxes body and inhibits high energy function

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6
Q

where are sympathetic cell bodies present

A

thoracic and lumbar spinal cord segments

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7
Q

what chains do sympathetic cell bodies connect to

A

paravertebral ganglion chain
sympathetic chain
individual ganglia

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8
Q

where are parasympathetic nerves located

A

near to target organ
not grouped together in a chain

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8
Q

where do parasympathetic neurones arise from

A

cranial nerves
lumbo-sacral spinal cord

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9
Q

autonomic nervous system

A

subconscious control of body
e.g. homeostasis
2 subdivisions - para/sympathetic

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10
Q

somatic nervous system

A

conscious control of body

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11
Q

somatic sensory (afferent) nerves

A

detect pain, temp, touch, proprioception

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12
Q

somatic efferent nerves

A

motor to effector skeletal muscles

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13
Q

precentral gyrus

A

in brain, origin of nerve signals initiating movement

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14
Q

corticospinal tract

A

in spinal cord, mediator of message from brain to skeletal muscles

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15
Q

spinal nerves

A

peripheral nerves that carry axons of neurons of somatic + autonomic nervous system to and from spinal cord

leave spinal cord below each vertebra

31 total

16
Q

which region do spinal nerves exit superior to vertebra

A

cervical region
C7 has one above and below

17
Q

dorsal root (posterior)

A

afferent/sensory
information to CNS

18
Q

ventral root (anterior)

A

efferent/motor
info from CNS

19
Q

plexus

A

network of vessels/nerves in body
spinal roots leave spinal cord and form spinal nerve, can blend with other nerves
peripheral nerves exiting plexus will have contributions from multiple spinal nerves

20
Q

dermatome

A

distinct area of skin

21
Q

myotome

A

group of muscles

22
Q

sciatic nerve

A

motor to muscles of posterior thigh
sensory/afferent from skin over lateral side of leg and skin on sole and dorsum of foot

23
Q

femoral nerve

A

motor to muscles of anterior thigh
sensory/afferent from anterior thigh and medial leg

24
Q

CNI

A

olfactory nerve
innervates nasal mucosa, carries information related to smell

25
Q

CNII

A

optic nerve
afferent for vision from the retina

26
Q

CNIII

A

oculomotor nerve
somatic division controls movements of the eye and some control of eyelid.
Autonomic division is motor to pupil constrictors

27
Q

CNIV

A

trochlear
somatic: motor to one muscle that moves the eye

28
Q

CNV

A

trigeminal
somatic: afferent from surface of face – senses touch from skin of face (dermatomes of the face).
Motor efferent to muscles of mastication (myotomes)

29
Q

CNVI

A

abducent
somatic: motor efferent to one muscle of the eye

30
Q

CNVII

A

facial nerve
taste from anterior tongue and palate.
somatic division: motor efferent to muscles of facial expression (myotomes).
autonomic division: motor efferent to glands that secrete saliva

31
Q

CNVIII

A

vestibulochochlear nerve
hearing from cochlea of ear. Balance from vestibular apparatus of ear

32
Q

CNIX

A

glossopharyngeal nerve
taste from posterior tongue
Somatic division: motor efferent to help with swallowing.
Afferent sensation from external ear.
Autonomic division: secretomotor to one saliva gland (parotid)

33
Q

CNX

A

vagus nerve
Somatic division: motor to muscles of pharynx, larynx and palate.
Autonomic division: parasympathetic innervation of smooth muscle in trachea, bronchi, GI tract and cardiac muscle.
Afferent sensation from GI tract (base of tongue to intestines), heart and airways (pharynx, larynx, trachea and bronchi)

34
Q

CNXI

A

accessory nerve
somatic: motor to two big muscles in the neck.

35
Q

CNXII

A

hypoglossal nerve
somatic: motor to the muscles of the tongue

36
Q

bell’s palsy

A

idiopathic palsy of CNVII
one sided facial paralysis

37
Q

Guillain barre syndrome

A

can occur after infection
immune system fights off infection but then attacks the myelin sheath of peripheral nerves
symptoms include tingling sensation and muscle weakness in hands and feet first

human anatomy (9 decks)

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