Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

S6- MSK 2 > Week 2- iRA/tRA: Sacroiliac Joint > Flashcards

Week 2- iRA/tRA: Sacroiliac Joint Flashcards

1
Q
  • The sacrum is triangular in shape and is composed of __ fused vertebrae.
  • The anterior surface is ______ and _______.
  • The posterior surface is _______ and _______.
A
  • 5
  • concave and smooth
  • convex and rough
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The sacrum width is greater posteriorly at ___ and greater anteriorly at ___.

A

-S1, S3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The sacrum has sinuous surfaces with depressions/elevations that aid in bony congruency, what 2 things does this help with?

A
  1. ) Depression ~S2 to accept Bonnaire’s tubercle from ilium.
  2. ) Prevent downward gliding of sacrum.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How thick is the hyaline cartilage of the sacrum?

A

-1-3mm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the (3) parts of the hip?

A
  • llium
  • Pubis
  • Ischium
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the functions of the sacrum?

A
  • Supports lumbar spine.

- Transmits loads from LEs to vertebral column. (sideways into pelvis as well)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Lumbosacral Angles:

  • Horizontal and line passing through upper border of S1 = _____ degrees
  • L1-S1 Lordosis angle = ____ degrees
  • Lumbosacral disc angle = ____ degrees
A
  • ~50 degrees
  • ~70 degrees (planes of superior S1 and L1 surfaces)
  • ~16 degrees (bottom surface of L5 and top surface of S1)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q
  • If the lumbosacral angles are decreased, what happens?

- If the lumbosacral angles are increased what happens?

A
  • More direct transfer

- Shear of L5/S1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Ligaments of the SI joint assist in locking _____ at SIJ.

A

-ilia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the (7) ligaments of the SIJ?

A
  • Interosseous SI ligament
  • Anterior SI ligament
  • Posterior SI ligament
  • Long Posterior SI ligament
  • Short Posterior SI ligament
  • Sacrospinous ligament
  • Sacrotuberous ligament
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The Interosseous SI ligament is located dorsal to cavity of joint and has inferior and superior bands. What is its function?

A

-Secure bony interlocking, strong bind of sacrum and ilium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The Anterior SI ligament covers the ventral joint. What is its function?

A

-Prevents anterior separation of joint.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The Long Posterior SI ligament is more longitudinal in orientation and has what function?

A

-Prevent counter-nutation of sacrum with respect to ilium.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the function of the Short Posterior SI ligament?

A

-Prevent posterior flaring/separation of joint.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the function of the Sacrospinous ligament?

A

-Prevent nutation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the function of the Sacrotuberous ligament?

A

-Prevent nutation.

17
Q

What are the 4 main muscles that act on the SIJ and their function?

A
  • Hamstrings = Posterior rotation of pelvis-extension of sacrotuberous ligament; sacrospinous ligament placed on stress.
  • Psoas/Iliacus = Anterior rotation of pelvis.
  • Rectus Femoris = Anterior rotation of pelvis.
  • Piriformis = ER in extension position of hips, abducts hip when positioned in hip flexion.
18
Q

Transverse Abdominis (TrA):

  • Origin = ________
  • ____-________ mechanism of TrA
  • Reduced vertical SIJ shear
A
  • inguinal ligament, anterior 2/3 iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia, lower (6) costal cartilages
  • Feed-forward
19
Q

Pelvic floor muscles oppose lateral movement of the _______ bones and stabilizes the sacrum between ______ bones.

A

-coxal

20
Q
  • The SIJ is innervated posteriorly by dorsal rami ___-___ and anteriorly by ___-____, superior gluteal nerve, obturator nerve.
  • The SIJ tilts forward and downward; rotates around ________ tubercle.
A
  • L4-S2, L2-S2

- Bonnaire’s

21
Q

What are the (3) functions of the SIJ?

A
  • Bony locking mechanism.
  • Prevent downward gliding of the sacrum under body weight.
  • Relieves twisting moment on pelvic ring.
22
Q

SIJ Lifespan:

  • Fetal Development
    • ___ month = SIJ first appearance
    • ___ month = cavitation full
    • ___ weeks = synovial membrane
  • First 10 years (joint enlarges)
    • surfaces remain _____
    • ______ capsule thickens
  • 2nd decade (corrugation of joint)
    • ________ along articular surface w/ ridge of ilium
A
  • 2nd month
  • 7th month
  • 37 weeks
  • flat
  • anterior

-depression

23
Q

SIJ Lifespan:

  • 3rd to 6th decade
    • Superficial fibrilation and erosion on _____ side
    • capsule and synovium become more ______
    • ________ development
    • debris and fibrous tissue fill joint cavity
  • 8th decade
    • inter-articular fibrous ________ common
    • articular cartilage
A
  • iliac
  • fibrous
  • osteophyte
  • adhesions
  • <1mm on sacrum, <0.5mm on ilium
24
Q
  • ________ = Base moves anteriorly and inferiorly, apex and coccyx move posteriorly.
  • ________ = Base moves superior and posterior, apex and coccyx move inferior and anterior.
  • What is the axis of rotation?
  • What theory is this?
A
  • Nutation
  • Counternutation
  • interosseous ligament
  • Farabeuf Theory
25
Q

What does Bonnaires’s Theory say?

A

-Center of motion intra-articular.

26
Q

Axis of the SIJ pass obliquely across the pelvis.

  • Flexion: pubic symphysis to _____________
  • Extension: pubic symphysis to between ________ and ______
A
  • greater sciatic notch

- between ischium and coccyx

27
Q

What is the function of the SIJ?

A

-Relieves stress on pelvic ring.

28
Q

Are there any muscles designed to produce active physiological movement of the SIJ?

A

No, all muscles are designed to act on hip and lumbar spine.

29
Q

Ambulation:

  • With extension of the lower limb, the ipsilateral pelvis twists ________.
  • With flexion of the lower limb, ipsilateral pelvis twisted _________.
  • Twisting forces are absorbed by _______.
A
  • forward
  • backwards
  • ligaments
30
Q

What are the “3 Types” of SIJ?

A
  • Normal
  • “High-up”
  • Low-down”
31
Q

Normal
-Sacra showing an auricular surface extending from the ___ to the middle of the ___ sacral segments.

“High-up”

  • Stable ____ segments
  • Force transmitted at ______ vertebral levels

“Low-down”

  • Stable at _____ segments
  • Force transmitted through _______ segments
  • Diminished need for complete fusion of the S1 segment
A

-S1, S3

  • upper
  • upper
  • lower
  • lower

S6- MSK 2 (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions