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Organisational behaviour > Week 2 Individual behaviour, Personality and Values > Flashcards

Week 2 Individual behaviour, Personality and Values Flashcards

1
Q

The MARS Model of Individual Behaviour is based on

A

Motivation
Ability
Role Perceptions
Situational factors

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2
Q

The Internal forces that affect a person’s voluntary choice of behaviour:

  • Direction
  • Intensity
  • Persistence
A

Motivation

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3
Q

_____ refers to Natural _____ and learned capabilities required to _____ complete a task

A

Ability, aptitudes, successfully

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4
Q

______ ______ are the beliefs about what behaviour is required to achieve the desired results:

  • Understanding what tasks to perform
  • Understanding relative importance of tasks
  • Understanding preferredbehaviours to accomplish tasks
A

Role Perceptions

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5
Q 
\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_ are the environmental conditions beyond the individual’s short-term control that constrain or facilitate behaviour
Time
People
Budget
Work facilities
A

Situational factors

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6
Q

What are the 5 types of Individual behaviour in the workplace?

A 
1 Task performance
2 Organisational citizenship
3 Counter-productive behaviour
4 Joining/staying with the organisation
5 Maintaining attendance
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7
Q

Task Performance

A

Goal-directed behaviours under the individual’s control that support organisational objectives

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8
Q

Task performance _____ transform _____ materials into goods and services, or support and maintain these _____ activities

A

behaviours, raw, technical

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9
Q

What behaviours refer to various forms of cooperation and helpfulness to others that support the organisation’s social and psychological context

A

Organisational Citizenship Behaviours

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10
Q

Counterproductive Work Behaviours are

A

Voluntary behaviours that have the potential to directly or indirectly harm the organisation

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11
Q

Employee retention is essential for all the other performance-related behaviours to occur
and is the behaviour called

A

Joining and Staying with the Organisation

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12
Q

Maintaining Work Attendance

A

Managing presenteeism and absenteeism and ensuring that work attendance is related to job satisfaction and motivation.

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13
Q

attending scheduled work when one’s capacity to perform is significantly diminished by illness and other factors

A

Presenteeism

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14
Q

_____ is related to dissatisfaction, organisational policy, norms and the person’s values and personality

A

Absenteeism

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15
Q

What is relatively enduring pattern of thoughts, emotions and behaviours that characterise a person, along with the psychological processes behind those characteristics

A

Personality

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16
Q

External traits: observable behaviours
Internal states: thoughts, values, etc. inferred from behaviours
Some variability, adjust to suit the situation
are defined as

A

Personality in Organisations

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17
Q

What shapes our individual personalities

A

Nature versus Nurture of Personality

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18
Q

Nature refers to our

A

genetic or hereditary origins

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19
Q

Nurture refers to the

A

person’s socialisation, life experiences and other forms of interaction with the environment

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20
Q

What are the 5 factors of the CANOE personality model

A 
Conscientiousness
Agreeableness
Neuroticism
Openness to Experience 
Extroversion
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21
Q

People who are careful, dependable and self disciplined possess traits in line with

A

Conscientiousness

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22
Q

Agreeableness are people

A

Who are courteous, good natured, empathic and caring possess traits in line with Agreeableness

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23
Q

People who are anxious, hostile ad depressed possess traits in line with

A

Neuroticism

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24
Q

Openness to Experience

A

People who are Imaginative, creative, curious and sensitive possess traits in line with Openness to experience.

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25
People who are outgoing, talkative, sociable and assertive possess traits in line with
Extroversion
26
Five-Factor Personality and Organisational Behaviour represent
Most personality traits
27
Studies report fairly strong associations between personality and several workplace behaviours and outcomes:
Performance Motivation Organisational citizenship
28
MBTI stands for
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator
29
MBTI covers
- Extroversion versus introversion - Sensing versus intuition - Thinking versus feeling - Judging versus perceiving
30
Collecting information through senses versus through intuition, inspiration or subjective sources explains what facet of MBTI
Sensing versus intuition
31
Thinking versus feeling explains what facet of MBTI
Processing and evaluating information | Using rational logic versus personal values
32
Orienting self to the outer world | Order and structure or flexibility and spontaneity explains what facet of MBTI
Judging versus perceiving
33
Competencies are
skills, knowledge, aptitudes and other personal characteristics that lead to superior performance
34
Personality Constellations
Resilience Self-efficacy Dark Triad
35
The ability to overcome and learn from adverse experiences in the workplace is known as
Resilience
36
Self-efficacy is
a person’s belief that he or she can successfully complete a task
37
What is known as a constellation of personality traits that increases the use of influence tactics and leads to counterproductive work behaviours
Dark Triad
38
- Self-reports are not a valid measure - Personality is a relatively weak predictor of a person’s performance - Personality instruments may unfairly discriminate against specific groups of people - Personality testing might not convey a favourable image of the company are all
Caveats About Personality Testing in Organisations
39
Values in the Workplace enforce _____ , evaluative beliefs that guide our preferences, and define _____ or _____, good or bad and create a ____ system that is a hierarchy of values
, Stable, right, wrong, Value
40
Schwartz’s Values Model's 10 categories
``` Universalism Benevolence Conformity Tradition Security Power Achievement Hedonism Stimulation Self-direction ```
41
Schwartz’s Values Model's reduced further to 2 bipolar dimensions 1
1 Openness to change: motivation to pursue innovative ways, and its opposite Conservation: motivation to preserve the status quo
42
Schwartz’s Values Model's reduced further to 2 bipolar dimensions 2
2 Self-enhancement : motivated by self-interest, and its opposite. Self-transcendence : motivation to promote welfare of others and nature
43
Values and Behaviour includes _____ behaviour that is usually consistent with _____, but conscious behaviour is less so because values are ______ constructs
Habitual , values, abstract
44
Decisions and behaviour are linked to values when we are mindful of our _____ and we have _____ reasons to apply values in that situation
values, logical
45
What is the cross-cultural value describing the degree to which people in a culture emphasise independence and personal uniqueness?
Individualism
46
What refers to a cross-cultural value describing the degree to which people in a culture emphasis duty to the groups to which they belong and to group harmony
Collectivism
47
Power distance refers to
The degree to which people in a culture accept unequal distributions of power in a society.
48
The degree to which people tolerate ambiguity
uncertainty avoidance.
49
achievement-nurturing orientations reflects
a competitive versus cooperative view of relations with other people
50
Ethics refers to the
study of moral principles or values that determine whether actions are right or wrong and outcomes are good or bad
51
Honesty/ethics is the most important characteristic
that employees look for in a leader
52
What are the 5 cross-cultural values
``` Individualism Collectivism Power distance Uncertainty avoidance Achievement orientation. ```
53
What are the 3 ethical principles
Utilitarianism Individual rights Distributive justice
54
Utilitarianism
Greatest good for the greatest number of people
55
Individual rights
Fundamental entitlements in society
56
Distributive justice
People who are similar should receive similar benefits
57
Name the 3 Influences on Ethical Conduct
Moral intensity Ethical sensitivity Situational influences
58
Moral intensity
Degree that an issue demands the application of ethical principles
59
A personal characteristic that enables people to recognise the presence of an ethical issue and determine the relative importance.
Ethical sensitivity
60
Situational influences
Competitive pressures and other situational conditions that affect ethical behaviour
61
``` Ethical code of conduct Ethics training Ethics hotlines Ethical leadership and culture all ```
Supporting Ethical Behaviour
62
What are the 5 main types of workplace behaviour
1/ task performance; 2/ organisational citizenship; 3/ counterproductive work behaviours; 4/ joining and staying with the organisation; and 5/ maintaining work attendance are the 5 main types of

Organisational behaviour (14 decks)

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