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IHO > Week 2 Immunity > Flashcards

Week 2 Immunity Flashcards

1
Q

TLR1

A

CD281 detects triacyl lipoprotein from gm+ bacteria

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2
Q

TLR2

A

CD282 detects triacyl lipoprotein from gm+ bacteria

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3
Q

TLR3

A

Detects dsRNA and viruses. Does not go through MyD88.

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4
Q

TLR4

A

Detects LPS Gm- bacteria Cd284

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5
Q

TLR5

A

Detects flagellin protein

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6
Q

TLR6

A

bacterial lipoproteins

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7
Q

TLR7

A

ssRNA in endosomes

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8
Q

TLR8

A

oligonucleotides

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9
Q

TLR9

A

CPG DNA- bacterial and viral genome synthesis products

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10
Q

TLR10

A

CD290, unknown function

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11
Q

NFkB

A

Expression of pro-inflammatory genes
•Production of prostaglandins and other leukotrienes
•Production of interleukins and other cytokines
Other immune process helping functions

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12
Q

Formation of HOCl form H2O2

A

Uses the Fe containing enzyem myeloperoxidase mostly in neutrophils.

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13
Q

Chronic Granulomatous disease

A

Phagocytes have genetic defects in “NADPH oxidase” and most infections in these patients are catalase positive because they can break down the H2O2 produced by our cells.

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14
Q

MHC class I

A

Are recognized by CD8+ killer T cells. Display internal proteins which may help to display viral infection.

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15
Q

MHC Class II

A

Recognized by CD4+ helper T cells. Display antigen of phagocytosed products on the cell surface of Monocytes, dendritic cells, b cells.

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16
Q

Th1

A

Type 1 Ht cell. recognizes antigen and makes a lymphokine to attract macrophages to clean up antigen/ infection.

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17
Q

Th17

A

main role is focused on inflammation, are more powerful than Th1. Problems with these leads to autoimmunity.

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18
Q

Th2

A

Stimulate macrophages to become able to wall off pathogens and promote healing. Important in parasite immunity.

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19
Q

Tfh

A

Follicular helper T cells. Stimulated by antigen, migrate from T cell areasof lymph nodes into the B cell follicles where they help in B cell activation and making antibody subclasses.

20
Q

Treg

A

make cytokines that suppress the activation and fx. of Th1, Th17, an Th2 cells to keep immune system in check.

21
Q

CTL

A

Cytotoxic or killer T cells. Destroy any body cell they identify as having a foriegn or abnormal antigen on its surface.

22
Q

CD4

A

Present on Th1, Th2, Th17, Tfh, and Treg which increases their affinity for antigen to help them get activated.

23
Q

CD8

A

Present on Ctyotoxic T cells, helps to Bind MHC class 1.

24
Q

IgG

A

two adjacent molecules can lead to complement activation, can attract phagocytic cells.Only antibody which can cross placenta.

25
Q

IgM

A

Pentameric Ig, activates complement, first antibody to appear in blood after infection, then turns to IgG

26
Q

IgD

A

main form of antibody inserted into B cell membranes as their antigen receptor.

27
Q

IgA

A

Antibody in fluids and mucous membranes. Has secretory component to make it resistant to degredative enyzmes. First line defense. has two of them together.

28
Q

IgE

A

Associated with Mast cells. Causes mast cell release of histamine, prostaglandins, leukotrienes, producing symptoms of allergy. Real role is resistance to parasites.

29
Q

Antibody Concentration in blood high to low

A

GAMDE

30
Q

Type I hypersensitivity

A

Too much IgE causing mast cell degranulation. Can be asthma, allergic reaction to bee sting, allergic reaction.

31
Q

Type II hypersensitivity

A

Autoimmunity due to antibodies which can react against self. Ex. hemolytic disease of newborn, myasthenia gravis.

32
Q

Type III hypersensitivity

A

Occur when make antibody against soluble antigen. Commonly leads to arthritis, glomerulonephritis, pleurisy, rash. Also see serum sickness.

33
Q

Type IV Hypersensitivity

A

Cell mediated hypersensitivty caused by CD4+ cells, can be autoimmune or bystander injury. Ex. reation with nickel, tuberculin reaction, chron’s disease.

34
Q

Cathelicidin LL37

A

alpha helical peptides which are bactericidal.

35
Q

Defensins

A

Beta strand peptides connected by disulfide bonds. look like a fence. There are 2 classes. They all lead to excretion out of the cells and into membranes or viral envelopes dimerize and lead to holes in the membranes.

36
Q

Cell response to TLR signaling

A

Activation of NF-kB and expression of pro-inflammatory genes.

37
Q

INF gamma

A

leads to the activation of phagocytic cells and NK cells.

38
Q

TNF alpha

A

produced by macrophages and other mononuclear phagocytes. Leads to induce fever, apoptotic cell death, cachexia, inflammation

39
Q

Antibody typing

A

dependant on what the heavy chain is. Can be GAMED, but still reacts with the same things.

40
Q

Light chain

A

contains the FAB region for antigen/ epitope recognition. Can either be a kappa or lambda type. One cell always produces the same light chain.

41
Q

Antibody Isotype

A

Slight differences in the amino acid secuences of their H chain C regions, the 5 main classes of immunoglobulins.

42
Q

IgG isotypes

A

IgG1 IgG2 IgG3 IgG4

43
Q

IgA Isotypes

A

IgA1, IgA2

44
Q

IgM Isotypes

A

IgM1, Igm2

45
Q

IgD Isotypes

A

Igd

46
Q

IgE Isotypes

A

IgE

47
Q

RAG recombinases

A

are the enzymes which do the recombination of antibody and T cell receptor DNA.

IHO (17 decks)

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