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IHO > Antineoplastic Drugs 2 > Flashcards

Antineoplastic Drugs 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Vinblastine

A

Mitotic Spindle Poison prevents spindle formation. AE: It leads to “bone marrow suppression”, nausea and v, vesicant, neurotoxicity. Resistance: P-glycoprotein, changed tubulin. CYP 450 metabolism

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2
Q

Vinorelbine

A

Mitotic Spindle Poison prevents spindle formation. AE: It leads to “bone marrow suppression”, nausea and v, vesicant. Resistance: P-glycoprotein, changed tubulin. CYP 450 metabolism

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3
Q

Vincristine

A

Mitotic Spindle Poison prevents spindle formation. AE: It leads to “Neurotoxicity” bone marrow suppression, nausea and v, vesicant. Resistance: P-glycoprotein, changed tubulin. CYP 450 metabolism

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4
Q

Paclitaxel

A

Enhances spindle assembly prevents proper division. MDR due to increased P glycoprotein. AE: Hypersensitivity, BMS, N/V, Hypotension and arrhythmias. Ovarian and Breast cancer. Plant alkaloid. Cyp 450 metabolism.

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5
Q

Docataxel

A

Enhances spindle assembly prevents proper division. MDR due to increased P glycoprotein. AE: Hypersensitivity, BMS, N/V, Hypotension and arrhythmias. Ovarian and Breast cancer. Plant alkaloid. Cyp 450 metabolism.

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6
Q

Cabazitaxel

A

Enhances spindle assembly prevents proper division. MDR due to increased P glycoprotein. AE: Hypersensitivity, BMS, N/V, Hypotension and arrhythmias. Ovarian and Breast cancer. Plant alkaloid. Cyp 450 metabolism.

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7
Q

Ixabepilone

A

Antibiotic, enhances spindle assembly. NOT limited by MDR. Used in Anthracycline antibiotic resistant breast cancer. AE: cytotoxic, peripherial neuropathy, hypersensitivity, arrhythmias

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8
Q

L-aspariginase

A

Converts asparagine to aspartate in the blood. Cancer cells are unable to transport aspartate into the cell. usually given after Mtx AE: hypersensitivity reactions. Treats childhood ALL.

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9
Q

Alemtuzumab

A

Anti CD52 used to treat B chronic leukocyte leukemia

AE: tumor lysis syndrome, arrhytmias, birth defects, hypersensitivity reactions, cough

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10
Q

Ibritumomab 90Y

A

Anti CD 20 (B cell Non-Hodgkins lymphoma)

AE: tumor lysis syndrome, arrhytmias, birth defects, hypersensitivity reactions

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11
Q

Rituximab

A

Anti CD 20 (B cell Non-Hodgkins lymphoma)

AE: tumor lysis syndrome, arrhytmias, birth defects, hypersensitivity reactions tumor lysis syndrome

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12
Q

Tositumomab 131 I

A

Anti CD 20 (B cell Non-Hodgkins lymphoma)

AE: tumor lysis syndrome, arrhytmias, birth defects, hypersensitivity reactions

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13
Q

Dexamethasone

A

Synthetic Cortisol leads to the suppression of the immune system preventing Release of IL 1,2,6 and TNFa, and cytokines. Decreases Size of Lymph nodes, spleen. For cancer tx. give high dose pulses. AE: increased infection Cushings syndrome.

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14
Q

Prednisone

A

Synthetic Cortisol leads to the suppression of the immune system preventing Release of IL 1,2,6 and TNFa, and cytokines. Decreases Size of Lymph nodes, spleen. For cancer tx. give high dose pulses. AE: increased infection Cushings syndrome.

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15
Q

Cyclosporine

A

Immunosuppressive antibiotic used to prevent rejection after bone marrow trnspt. cyclosporin binds to cyclophilin inhibiting calcineurin from increasing IL2, which prevents cell proliferation.

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16
Q

Tacrolimus

A

Immunosuppressive antibiotic used to prevent rejection after bone marrow trnspt. cyclosporin binds to FK binding protein inhibiting calcineurin from increasing IL2, which prevents cell proliferation.

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17
Q

Everolimus

A

Immunosuppressive antibiotic used to suppress Blood vessel formation by inhibiting MTOR inhibiting angiogenesis and cell division.

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18
Q

Temirolimus

A

Immunosuppressive antibiotic used to suppress Blood vessel formation by inhibiting MTOR inhibiting angiogenesis and cell division

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19
Q

Denileukin Diftitux

A

IL2+ diptheria toxin. Decreases aby cells with an IL-2 receptor’s protein translation AE: tumor lysis syndrome, arrhytmias, birth defects, hypersensitivity reactions

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20
Q

IL- 2

A

Induce/ expand T cell response, Short half-life AE: Mild fever, chills, weight gain, shock, thrombocytopenia, shock, respiratory distress, coma and fatal hypertension.

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21
Q

Interferon α

A

Decrease FGF causing less angiogensis, Decreased cell division for CML, increases MHC class I on tumor cells. AE: Flu like sx, hypotension, bone marrow suppression DEPRESSION

22
Q

TNF α

A

Like IL1, leads to fibroblast proliferation, Increase IL6,8, activates B and T cells. Given IA due to short half life. Side effects: flu like sx.

23
Q

Imatinib

A

Competitive antagonist for the ATP binding site of BCR ABL for CML, also inhibits C-kit for gastrointestinal stromal tumors, and PDGF receptor. Oral, CYP3A4 AE: cardiomyopathy, teratogenic, edema

24
Q

Dasatinib

A

Competitive antagonist for the ATP binding site of BCR ABL for CML, also inhibits C-kit for gastrointestinal stromal tumors, and PDGF receptor. ALso targets SRC a tyrosine kinase whose expression is upregulated inseveral types of cancer. Oral, CYP3A4 AE: cardiomyopathy, teratogenic, edema

25
Q

Nilotinib

A

For imatinib resistant. Competitive antagonist for the ATP binding site of BCR ABL for CML, also inhibits C-kit for gastrointestinal stromal tumors, and PDGF receptor. ALso targets SRC a tyrosine kinase whose expression is upregulated inseveral types of cancer. Oral, CYP3A4 AE: cardiomyopathy, teratogenic, edema

26
Q

Cetuximab

A

Inhibits EGFR tyrosine kinase of epithelia derived cancers(metastatic colorectal cancer). AE: skin and lung diseases/ probs (interstitial lung disease), rashes, photosensitivity, necrotizing fascitis. Long half life-months

27
Q

Panitumumab

A

Inhibits EGFR tyrosine kinase of epithelia derived cancers(metastatic colorectal cancer). AE: skin and lung diseases/ probs (interstitial lung disease), rashes, photosensitivity, necrotizing fascitis. Long half life-months

28
Q

Trastuzumab

A

Used to treat aggressive breast cancers, Targets the HER2- tyrosine kinase. AE: ventricular dysfunction, congestive heart failure. Fetal toxicity, pulmonary toxicity.

29
Q

Lapatinib

A

Used to treat aggressive breast cancers, Targets the HER2 and EFGRtyrosine kinase. AE: cardiotoxicity-congestive heart failure, Hepatotoxicity, Diarrhea.

30
Q

Hydroxyurea

A

Inhibitor of ribonucleotide reductase, preventing deoxynucleotide syntheisis from ribonucleotides. Syncronizes cells into G1, more sensitive to radiation.

31
Q

Bortezomib

A

Inhibits the 26S proteosome, which degrades ubiquinated proteins. Key component of cell homeostasis-> apoptosis. Used to treat multiple myeloma.
AE: Thrombocytopenia, anemia, peripherial neuropathy

32
Q

Votinostat

A

Similar to valproic acid. Affects histone acetyl transferases decreasing transcription, and leading to apoptosis. AE: hematologic, pulmonary embolism, thrombocytopeina, Drug/ drug interactions (warfarin), N/V, diarrhea, hyperglycemia, dysgensia

33
Q

Tretinoin

A

Retinoid used to treat acute promyelocytic leukemia. t(15;17). Blocks retanoic acid receptor preventing cell division. AE: teratogenic, dry skin, bone tenderness, weight gain, hypotension, pulmonary infiltrates. Differentiating agent

34
Q

Erlotinib

A

Inhibits EGFR tyrosine kinase ATP binding site, oral, cyp3A4. treats epithelial derived tumors, cardiomyopathy, teratogenic interstitial pneumonia. Used for metastatic non-small cell lung cancer after failure of standard chemo

35
Q

Gefitib

A

Inhibits EGFR tyrosine kinase ATP binding site, oral, cyp3A4. treats epithelial derived tumors, cardiomyopathy, teratogenic interstitial pneumonia. Used for metastatic non-small cell lung cancer after failure of standard chemo

36
Q

Arsenic Trioxide

A

used for relapsed Acute promyelocytic leukemia, blocks retanoic acid receptor, differentiating agent. AE: arsenic toxicity, arrhytmias, differentiation syndrome( fatal, fever, dyspnea, weight gain and pulmonary infarcts, pleural effusions, cardiac effusions, leukocytosis.

37
Q

IL 12

A

Stimulates Interferon gamma, increases inducible protein 10 which is angiogenesis inhibition. AE: cytokine side effects( fever, chills, N/V, neutropenia, leukopenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia) side effects decrease w/ time

38
Q

Bevacizumab

A

Antibody to VEGF. very long half life, IV. Treats metastatic colon cancer and lung cancer. AE: GI perforation, wounds don’t heal(dishisence), Cytokine response, hemoptysis->fatal. …Coronary artery disease.

39
Q

Pazopanib

A

Inhibits multiple kinases including VEGF-R and PDGF-R, CKit. useful for epithelial derived cancers and renal cell carcinoma. AE: hepatotoxicity, Hemorrhage, GI perforation, hypertension Cardiomyopathy, teratogenic.

40
Q

Sorafinib

A

Inhibits multiple kinases including VEGF-R, PDGF-R, RAF. useful for epithelial derived cancers and renal cell carcinoma. AE: hemorrhage, hypertension Cardiomyopathy, teratogenic.

41
Q

Sunitinib

A

Inhibits multiple kinases including VEGF-R, PDGF-R, CKit. useful for epithelial derived cancers and renal cell carcinoma. AE: hand foot syndrome, skin dicoloration, cardiomyopathy, teratogenic.

42
Q

Thalidomide

A

Not an antibiotic, Used to treat Hansen’s disease, multiple myeloma, AIDS. Suppresses immune system-> shifts TH1->TH2. Most potent TNFa agent. Antiangiogenic. Sedating, antidepressive, restores muscle strength, appetite. Oral, excreted in urine. AE: SEVERE BIRTH DEFECTS, peripherial neuropathy. Deep venous thrombosis-tx w/ warfarin.

43
Q

Erythropoietin

A

Erythroid Growth factor. Used for chronic kidney disease, anemia. Side effects are thrombus, hypertension and increased tumor growth.

44
Q

Darbopoietin

A

Erythroid Growth factor Short half life. Used for chronic kidney disease, anemia. Side effects are thrombus, hypertension and increased tumor growth.

45
Q

MPEGepoietin

A

Erythroid Growth factor. Used for chronic kidney disease, anemia. Side effects are thrombus, hypertension and increased tumor growth.

46
Q

Filgrastim

A

(G-CSF) Myeloid Growth factor. Used to make neutrophils, commonly used for cancer chemotherapy. Can have allergic reaction and splenic rupture, mild bone pain.

47
Q

PegFilgrastim

A

Myeloid Growth factor. Longer half life than Filgrastim, Used to make neutrophils, commonly used for cancer chemotherapy. Can have allergic reaction and splenic rupture, mild bone pain.

48
Q

Interleukin 11

A

Megakaryocyte Growth factor. Used to increase platelet production. Causes autoantibodies to be produced. Can cause A-Fib, and hypokalemia. May cause fatigue, headache, dizzyness, mild edema.

49
Q

Romiplostim

A

Megakaryocyte Growth factor. Used to increase platelet production. Causes autoantibodies to be produced. Can cause A-Fib, and hypokalemia. May cause fatigue, headache, dizzyness, mild edema.

50
Q

Sargramostim

A

(GM-CSF) Myeloid Growth factor. Stimulates all myeloid cell production. Can have capillary leak syndrome(edema), bone pain, fever, malaise, and occasionally allergic reaction.

IHO (17 decks)

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