Week 2 Image optimisation, Bio Effects, QC

Question 1

transducer indicator pointed towards __ in anterior transverse plane

Answer 1

right shoulder

Question 2

transducer indicator pointed towards __ in coronal/sagittal plane

Answer 2

patient’s head

Question 3

transducer indicator pointed towards __ in posterior transverse plane

Answer 3

left shoulder

Question 4

transducer indicator pointed towards __ in decubitus plane

Answer 4

patient’s anterior

Question 5

longitudinal views display structure at its __ dimension with its depth

Answer 5

longest

Question 6

axial views display structure at its __ dimension with its depth

Answer 6

short axis

Question 7

surface landmark for bladder, prostate, uterus

Answer 7

symphysis pubis

Question 8

surface landmark for right lobe of liver, gallbladder

Answer 8

right medial angle of ribs

Question 9

surface landmark for left lobe of liver, pancreas

Answer 9

xiphoid process of sternum

Question 10

surface landmark for spleen, left kidney

Answer 10

left lateral angle of ribs

Question 11

subcostal scanning involves what placement of transducer

Answer 11

transducer angled superiorly beneath inferior costal margin for panning liver

Question 12

intercostal scanning involves what placement of transducer

Answer 12

transducer placed between ribs & follows rib orientation; useful for scanning high riding liver

Question 13

transducer manipulation styles

Answer 13

sliding, rocking, sweep, rotate, compression, fan

Question 14

other modes

Answer 14

doppler mode, pulsed wave, M-mode

Question 15

depth is important for __

Answer 15

image quality & presentation

Question 16

if depth is too deep, anatomy will appear __

Answer 16

small at top of image

Question 17

if depth is too shallow, anatomy will appear __

Answer 17

lost at the bottom

Question 18

leaving a small area of depth behind allows for __

Answer 18

observing useful artifacts (shadowing & enhancement)

Question 19

gain amplifies __

Answer 19

reflected signals

Question 20

Time Gain Compensation

Answer 20

selectively amplifies signals from deeper structures or suppress signals from superficial tissues

Question 21

Focus

Answer 21

focal zone is point where beam is narrowest with max resolution

Question 22

dynamic range determines __

Answer 22

number of gray shades

Question 23

wide dynamic range creates __

Answer 23

smoother image

Question 24

narrow dynamic range creates

Answer 24

higher contrast image

Question 25

dynamic range affects __

Answer 25

contrast resolution

Question 26

harmonic imaging offers

Answer 26

• reduced noise & clutter
• increased SNR
• narrow beam width

Question 27

CEUS

Answer 27

contrast enhanced US

Question 28

3 vascular phases studied using CEUS

Answer 28

arterial phase: 0 - 30s
portal phase: 30 - 90s
late phase: > 90s

Question 29

echogenicity

Answer 29

degree of brightness of structure

Question 30

anechoic

Answer 30

free of echoes

Question 31

echogenic

Answer 31

bright echoes

Question 32

hyperechoic

Answer 32

brighter than surrounding echoes

Question 33

hypoechoic

Answer 33

darker than surrounding echoes

Question 34

isoechoic

Answer 34

similar to surrounding echoes